316 BULLETIN 226. 



The Miami stony loam is the stony soil that covers the drumlins and 

 most of the rolling land between these hills. It is a light brown loam, 

 eight to ten inches deep, containing five to forty per cent of stone and 

 gravel. The stones are usually small and well rounded. The subsoil 

 is a brownish-yellow, stony loam. The proportion of stone and gravel 

 usually increases at greater depths, but the reverse is sometimes true. 

 The gravel is sometimes cemented together so as to form a gravel hard- 

 pan. This occasionally occurs near enough to the surface to interfere 

 with the growth of apple-trees. Table 27 gives a summary of the average 

 mechanical analyses of four samples of this soil. 



TABLE 27. 



Mechanical analyses of the fine earth of Miami stony loam. Average of four 

 samples, three of which were taken from the report of the Bureau of Soils. 



Soil. Subsoil. 



Per cent. Per cent. 



Organic matter 1 .96 . I 13 



Fine gravel and coarse sand (2 0.5 mm)... 6. 7. 



Medium, fine and very fine sand (0.5 0.05 mm) 44. 46. 



Silt (0.05 0.005 mm) 39- 34- 



Clay (0.005 o.oooi mm) n. 13- 



The Alton stony loam. This type of soil occurs north of the drumlin 

 area. The surface soil, to a depth of seven to ten inches, consists of 

 brown sandy or silty loam. The subsoil is a yellowish-brown sandy or 

 silty loam. The type contains ten to. fifty per cent of stone, which gen- 

 erally consists of more angular fragments than those in the Miami stony 

 loam. It also contains more fine sand or silt than that type. South of 

 the ridge there are considerable areas of it that contain limestone frag- 

 ments. Table 28 gives the averages of three analyses of this type. 



TABLE 28. 

 Mechanical analyses of the fine earth of the Alton stony loam. Average of three 



analyses made "by the Bureau of Soils. 



Soil. Subsoil. 



Per cent. Per cent. 



Organic matter 3-89 -6r 



Fine gravel and coarse sand (2 0.5 mm) 5 4 



Medium, fine and very fine sand (0.5 0.05 mm) 52. 46. 



* Silt (0.05 0.005 mm) 3O- 31- 



Clay (0.005 o.oooi mm) 13- I 9- 



individual areas would make it difficult, if not impossible, to map it separately by 

 the Bureau of Soils method. The Miami silt loam (called the Elmira silt loam in 

 the Bureau of Soils report, but since changed to Miami silt loam) corresponds 

 exactly with one of the classifications made by the writer. In general the soil types 

 and the mechanical analyses agree remarkably well for results secured from inde- 

 pendent work. 



