AN APPLE ORCHARD SURVEY OF WAYNE COUNTY, NEW YORK. 317 



South of the ridge, in the west part of the county, there are considerable 

 areas of the Alton stony loam, where the soil rests on limestone rock 

 that is so near the surface as to interfere with the growth of apples. The 

 soil is too shallow to admit of good root-growth or to allow good 

 drainage. 



The Miami silt loam. This is a brown or yellowish-brown silt loam, 

 eight or ten inches deep, underlaid by brownish-yellow or yellow silty 

 loam. This type occurs on the rolling land near the lake and around 

 Sodus Bay. (See table 29.) 



TABLE 29. 



Mechanical analyses of Miami silt loam. Average of four samples, three of which 

 were analyzed by the Bureau of Soils. 



Soil. Subsoil. 



Percent. Percent. 



Organic matter 1 . 44 .32 



Fine gravel and coarse sand (2 0.5 mm) i. i. 



Medium, fine and very fine sand (0.5 0.05 mm) 22. 18. 



Silt (o . 05 o . 005 mm) ' 64 . 66 . 



Clay (0.005 o. oooi mm) T 3- M- 



Miami fine sand. This type is a light brown sandy loam, eight or ten 

 inches deep, underlain by light yellow sand, usually free from stones. 

 Its chief occurence is north of the ridge. (See table 30.) 



TABLE 30. 



Mechanical analyses of the Miami fine sand. 'Average of three analyses made by 



the Bureau of Soils. 



Soil. Subsoil. 



Per cent. Per cent. 



Organic matter 2.15- o . 38 



Fine gravel and coarse sand (2 0.5 mm) 4. 3. 



Medium, fine and very fine sand (0.5 0.05 mm) 78. 85. 



Silt (0.05 0.005 mm) 14- 9- 



Clay (0.005 o. oooi mm) 3. 2. 



Ontario gravelly loam. This is a brown gravel underlain by a light 

 brown gravel or gravelly loam. The predominating characteristic is the 

 gravel. Most of the gravel is less than one inch in diameter. It occurs 

 in small deposits in the Miami stony loam and is the common type along 

 the ridge. It is a very open soil too well drained. Along the ridge 

 it is nearly all planted to apples. The deposits of gravel that occur in 

 the drumlins are frequently used on the public roads. (See Fig. 69.) 



Average yield on the different soil types. Table 31 shows the average 

 yields on the six different types of soil. The number of orchards on the 

 last three types is not large enough to give positive results. The table 



