THE APPLES OF NEW YORK. 



37 



it is comparatively broad and rounded toward the base it may be called 

 urn-shaped. When the calyx tube is funnel-form its broad upper portion is 

 called the limb; the narrow part extending from the limb towards the core 

 may be called the cylinder. 



In some cases as in Northern Spy and Red Canada the tube may vary 

 in the same variety, being cone-shaped in some fruits and funnel-form in 

 others, thus making the core line appear to vary in the character of .its 

 meeting or clasping the calyx tube. Such variation is due to the fact 

 that in some fruits and not in others the base of the styles below the 



FIG. 9. TRANSVERSE SECTION OF Thompson SHOWING AN OPEN CORE WHICH 

 is ABAXILE. THE CELLS ARE SYMMETRICAL, OR NEARLY so, AND WIDE OPEN. 

 THE DARK DOTS SHOW CROSS-SECTIONS OF THE PRINCIPAL FIBROVASCULAR 

 BUNDLES OF THE CORE LINES. 



limb of the calyx tube develops into a fleshy tissue which fills that part 

 of the tube. 



Pistil Point. In some varieties the fleshy base of the styles forms a pistil 

 point which projects into the calyx tube in a way that is characteristic, 

 and of some taxonomic value. An example of this kind is found in Gano. 



Stamens. Hogg studied critically the taxonomic value of the position 

 of the stamens, or the remnants of them,l in the calyx tube 2 and finally 

 made this character the basis of the primary classes in his analytical key 

 of the apples of Great Britain. He recognizes thus the three following 

 divisions among apples. 



A. Marginal Stamens. In this class the stamens are inserted near the 

 outer margin of the calyx tube. 



'The remnants of the stamens' appear in the ripe fruit as withered thread-like organs on 

 the side of the calyx tube. 



2 Fruit Manual, London, 1884 : xi to xxxix. 



