THE APPLES OF NEW YORK. 77 



lateral twigs. Twigs medium in length, straight, stout; internodes medium. 

 Bark dark brown, tinged with olive-green, mottled with scarf-skin ; pubescent. 

 As grown here is darker than Gano. Lenticels scattering, large, round, raised, 

 conspicuous. Buds large, broad, obtuse, appressed, set deep in bark, pubescent. 

 Leaves medium, broad. 



FRUIT. 



Fruit medium to above, sometimes large, averaging marketable size. Form 

 roundish ovate to roundish conic, pretty regular. Stem medium to rather 

 long and slender. Cavity acute, moderately deep to deep, of medium width, 

 nearly symmetrical, usually with some greenish or orange-red russet \vhich 

 often spreads beyond the cavity in broken rays. Calyx rather large, usually 

 open or partly so; lobes rather broad, obtuse. Basin often somewhat oblique, 

 rather shallow and obtuse to moderately deep and abrupt, often slightly fur- 

 rowed and somewhat wrinkled. 



Skin thin, tough, smooth, somewhat glossy, brilliant red almost completely 

 overspreading a clear pale yellow ground color, becoming dark purplish-red 

 on the exposed cheek. Dots numerous, very small, red or gray, sometimes 

 with russet point. Prevailing effect brilliant red, often with some contrasting 

 clear pale yellow. 



Calyx tube varies from short cone-shape to somewhat funnel-form, with 

 fleshy pistil point projecting into the base. Stamens median to marginal. 



Core medium to rather small, axile or nearly so, closed; core lines clasping 

 the funnel cylinder, or when the calyx tube is cone-shaped, nearly meeting. 

 Carpels roundish, elongated, emarginate. Seeds rather long, obtuse to acute, 

 dark brown. 



Flesh whitish, firm, somewhat coarse, moderately crisp, not tender, moder- 

 ately juicy, mild subacid, a little aromatic, good in quality. 



Season January to April or May. 



BLACK GILLIFLOWER 



REFERENCES, i. Manning, Mag. Hort., 7:49. 1841. 2. Mag. Hon., 13:106. 

 1847. 3. Thomas, 1849:164. 4. Cole, 1849:126. 5. Hovey, Mag. Hort., 16:64, 

 198. 1850. fig. 6. Emmons, Nat. Hist. N. Y., 3:61. 1851. col. pi. & fig. 7. 

 Downing, 1857:208. 8. Hooper, 1857:18, 76. 9. Elliott, 1858:167. 10. Warder, 

 1867:662. fig. ii. Lyon, Mich. Hort. Soc. Rpt., 1890:288. 12. Bailey, An. 

 Hort., 1892:235. 13. Waugh, Vt. Sta. An. Rpt., 14:289. 1901. 14. Powell 

 and Fulton, U. S. B. P. I. Bui, 48:38. 1903. 15. Beach and Clark, N. Y. Sta. 

 Bui., 248:113. 1904. 



SYNONYMS. Black Gillifiower (5). Black Spitz (13). Gillifiower (14, 15). 

 RED GILLIFLOWER (i, 5). 



A dessert apple which is very distinct in color, form and flavor. 

 The color is yellowish or greenish, sometimes almost completely 

 covered with red, which in highly colored specimens becomes dull 

 purplish and very dark, as recognized in the name " Black " Gilli- 

 fiower. The color of the fruit is often much darker than it appears 

 in the accompanying plate. The flesh at its best is but moderately 



