THE APPLES OF NEW YORK. 83 



The foliage is remarkably healthy and the fruit is pretty resistant 

 to the scab. 



Historical. This is a German variety which has long been known under 

 cultivation in Prussia (i, 2). It is said to have been named after a former 

 dike warden (4). It has been quite extensively disseminated in this country 

 within the last decade, having been introduced some years earlier (8). In 

 New York commercial orchards the plantings of it are now being gradually 

 extended. 



TREE. 



Tree moderately Vigorous ; branches short, stout and crooked. Form some- 

 what spreading, rather dense. Twigs medium in length or rather long, curved, 

 pretty stout, especially at the tips; internodes short to medium. Bark brown- 

 ish-red, streaked and conspicuously blotched with grayish scarf-skin ; pubescent. 

 Lenticels scattering, rather conspicuous, moderately abundant, irregular in 

 shape and size, often large, oblong, sometimes roundish. Buds large or above 

 medium size, broad, rather plump, obtuse to nearly acute, projecting, free, 

 pubescent. Leaves large, broad. 



FRUIT. 



Fruit above medium to very large ; fairly uniform in shape but rather uneven 

 in size. Form somewhat oblate, being broad at the base, conical, often some- 

 what ribbed, pretty symmetrical. Stem long to medium. Cavity obtuse to 

 acute, very broad, furrowed, sometimes compressed, partly colored with thin 

 brownish-russet. Calyx large, closed or somewhat open; lobes acute. Basin 

 sometimes oblique, moderately wide to rather narrow, abrupt, moderately deep, 

 furrowed and wrinkled. 



Skin tough, smooth, waxy, clear bright pale yellow, often with sharply con- 

 trasting brilliant pinkish-red blush. Dots numerous, rather small, often red 

 areolar, with whitish or russet center, not very conspicuous, often submerged. 

 Prevailing effect yellow relieved more or less by pinkish-red, not striped. The 

 fruit is decidedly attractive in appearance for a yellow apple. 



Calyx tube large, funnel-form, or approaching cone-shape, often extending 

 to the core. Stamens median. 



Core rather large, open or partly so, abaxile; cells usually symmetrical; 

 core lines clasping. Carpels decidedly concave, very broad, elliptical, slightly 

 emarginate, tufted. Seeds medium, plump, obtuse to acute, dark. 



Flesh white, firm, crisp, tender, fine-grained, very juicy, sprightly, brisk 

 subacid, not high in quality, good. 



Season November to February or March. In cold storage its season extends 

 to May or later (20). 



BORSDORF. 



REFERENCES, i. Ronalds, 1831:26. 2. Cat. Hort. Soc. London, 1831. 3. 

 Kenrick, 1833:72. 4. Downing, 1845:99. 5. Thomas, 1849:178. 6. Emmons, 

 Nat. Hist. N. Y., 3:72. 1851. 7. Elliott, 1858:167. 8. Berghuis, 1868: col. pi 

 No. 73. 9. Downing, 1872:103. 10. Leroy, 1873:150. n. Montreal Hort. 

 Soc., 7:156. 1881. 12. Hogg, 1884:26. 13. Hoskins, U. S. Pom. Rpt., 1886: 

 279. 14. Hoskins, Garden and Forest, 3:516. 1890. 15. Budd, la. Sta. Bui., 

 19:541. 1892. 16. Bailey, An. Hort., 1892:235. 17. Bredsted, 1893:301. 18. 

 ///. Sta. Bui, 45:315. 1896. 19. Munson, Me. Sta. An. Kept., 12:73. 1896. 



