THE APPLES OF NEW YORK. 101 



Rpt., 14:291. 1901. 17. Budd-Hansen, 1903:67. 18. Thomas, 1903:325. 19. 

 Beach and Clark, N. Y. Sta. Bui, 248:115. 1904. 



SYNONYMS. COOPER'S MARKET (4, 5, 8, 9, 12, 13). Cooper's Market (10, 

 18). COOPER'S RED (10). COOPER'S RED incorrectly (18). COOPER'S 

 REDLING (6). Cooper's Redling (5, 8, 10). Etowah, incorrectly (18). RED- 

 LING (i, 2, 3). Redling (9). 



Attractive in color and form but not of high quality, often some- 

 what deficient in size. Especially esteemed for its keeping qualities 

 and for holding a bright color late in the season. Grown to a lim- 

 ited extent in commercial orchards. Desirable for supplying the 

 general trade after the Baldwin season has closed. It may be held 

 very late in common storage. It improves in color in the package 

 when held in common storage, but does not show as great improve- 

 ment of this kind in cold storage (19). 



The tree is hardy, one of the most reliable croppers, and not slow 

 in coming into bearing. In fact, it bears such heavy crops that it 

 requires more than ordinary attention in pruning to make the fruit 

 uniformly of marketable size. The fruit hangs to the tree remark- 

 ably well. 



Evidently the fact that Cooper's Red is a synonym for Etowah 

 has led some to confuse that variety with Cooper Market (18). 

 The two are quite distinct. 



Historical. This is now believed to be of Pennsylvania origin and identical 

 with the Redling of Coxe and others (i, 2, 3, 15). 



TREE. 



Tree moderately vigorous to vigorous; lateral branches long, slender and 

 rather drooping. Form upright. Twigs below medium to above, rather 

 slender, nearly straight ; internodes short to medium. Bark dull, dark brown- 

 ish-red with considerable olive-green in some specimens, uniformly overlaid 

 with a moderately heavy scarf-skin, heavily pubescent. Lenticels moderately 

 conspicuous, slightly raised, numerous, usually large but varying to small, 

 roundish or elliptical. Buds small, almost sunk in the bark, obtuse, rather 

 pubescent. Scales sometimes divided. 



FRUIT. 



Fruit medium or below, sometimes nearly large. Form roundish ovate 

 varying to roundish conic, flattened at the base and often narrowing sharply 

 towards the apex, pretty symmetrical. Stem medium to long, slender. Cavity 

 acute to acuminate, deep, rather narrow, sometimes slightly furrowed, often 

 russeted. Calyx small, closed, pubescent. Basin small, often oblique, shallow, 

 narrow, obtuse to abrupt, somewhat furrowed, wrinkled. 



Skin tough, smooth, glossy, greenish-yellow, mottled and blushed with red, 

 conspicuously splashed and striped with bright carmine and partly covered 



