n8 THE APPLES OF NEW YORK. 



ENGLISH RUSSET. 



REFERENCES, i. Downing, 1845:132. fig. 2. Thomas, 1849:180, 190. fig. 3. 

 Phoenix, Horticulturist, 1850:470. 4- Emmons, Nat. Hist. N. Y., 3:99. 1851. 

 fig. 5. Elliott, 1858:98. 6. Am. Pom. Soc. Cat., 1862. 7. Downing, 1872: 

 162. fig. 8. Downing, C, Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt., 1875:36. 9. Barry, 1883:345. 

 10. Bailey, An. Hort., 1892:238. n. Munson, Me. Sta. Rpt., 1893:132. 12. 

 Budd-Hansen, 1903:75. 13. Beach and Clark, N. Y. Sta. Bui., 248:118. 1904. 



SYNONYMS. English Russet (5)- POUGHKEEPSIE RUSSET (5). Pough- 

 keepsie Russet (2, 7, 9, 11). Winter Russet (3, 5). 



A greenish-yellow russet of medium size or rather small, pretty 

 uniform in size, not especially attractive in color nor high in quality, 

 but one of the best keeping apples known. In ordinary cellar 

 storage it has often been kept till the next crop has ripened. Late 

 in the season it is apt to shrivel some. Fruit-dealers report that the 

 fruit from Southern and Southwestern New York is larger and has 

 poorer keeping quality, while that from Northern and Western New 

 York is smaller and keeps better. 



Within recent years it has been in good demand for export trade, 

 bringing relatively better prices in Europe than in America. It is 

 not very good for cooking, but has the reputation of making excep- 

 tionally good cider. It is acceptable for dessert following the -season 

 of Esopus Spitzenburg and Baldwin. The fruit hangs well to the 

 tree, but there is apt to be considerable loss because a relatively large 

 percentage of the apples are too small for market. Where insects 

 are not controlled the fruit is often knotty. The trees commonly 

 bear biennially and only moderately, heavy crops being rare. 



ENGLISH RUSSET AND GOLDEN RUSSET COMPARED. 

 It may be distinguished from the Golden Russet, which is also 

 called by some English Golden Russet, by its straight-growing habit, 

 with erect shoots forming an upright or round top. The Golden 

 Russet trees are more vigorous, spreading, irregular and bushy. 

 The English Russet twigs of one season's growth have more of a 

 clear reddish-brown color, and the lenticels, being comparatively dull 

 in color and only moderately numerous, are not very conspicuous, 

 although they are sometimes large, while the Golden Russet twigs 

 when highly colored are darker brown, varying towards olive-green 

 where the color is less strongly developed. They are finely mottled 



