126 THE APPLES OF NEW YORK. 



specimen grown in the Hudson valley. In favorable localities on 

 Long Island it colors well and develops better quality than it com- 

 monly does north of Orange county. The flesh is coarse and at best 

 but second rate in quality. It is well known in market, and is often 

 handled at satisfactory prices in domestic and also in export trade. 

 The tree is usually a good, regular bearer, producing biennially 

 or in some localities almost annually. Sometimes the larger branches 

 break under their load of fruit. The fruit being large, there is apt 

 to be a considerable loss from dropping, but considering its size it 

 generally hangs to the tree pretty well. It is variable in season, 

 ranking as a keeper sometimes with Hubbardston and sometimes 

 with Rhode Island Greening. Although it has long been dissemi- 

 nated throughout New York, it has not generally been regarded with 

 favor by New York orchardists, except possibly in some parts of 

 Long Island. 



Historical. Origin Bucks county, Pennsylvania. Hovey referred to it in 

 1856 as having been known and cultivated for many years under the name 

 Fallawater (6). Warder in 1867 remarked that it was then a great favorite 

 in Pennsylvania and "extensively cultivated through the West." 



TREE. 



Tree makes a moderately light root growth in the nursery. In the orchard 

 it becomes large and vigorous. Form upright to roundish. Twigs medium 

 in length to short, moderately stout, thick at the tips, erect; internodes 

 medium. Bark smooth, bright brownish-red mingled with olive-green, finely 

 mottled with scarf-skin; slightly pubescent. Lenticels moderately conspicuous, 

 rather abundant, medium in size, usually roundish. Buds medium or above, 

 roundish, obtuse, sparingly pubescent, free. 



FRUIT. 



Fruit large to very large. Form globular, sometimes a little oblate, usually 

 symmetrical, sometimes slightly irregular, and faintly ribbed, but it is pretty 

 uniform in size and shape. Stem very short. Cavity distinctly acuminate, 

 deep, rather narrow to broad, usually somewhat furrowed. Calyx medium to 

 large, closed or partly open; lobes variable. Basin shallow to moderately 

 deep, moderately abrupt to abrupt, often nearly symmetrical, sometimes dis- 

 tinctly furrowed, wrinkled. 



Skin tough, smooth, a little waxy, often dull grass-green with dull blush, 

 but highly colored specimens eventually become distinctly yellow and largely 

 blushed with bright deep pinkish-red, often considerably streaked with thin 

 grayish scarf-skin. Dots conspicuous, whitish, often large areolar with russet 

 point. 



