30 THE APPLES OF NEW YORK. 



slightly raised. Buds medium size, plump, obtuse to somewhat acute, free, 

 slightly pubescent. 



FRUIT. 



Fruit medium to large, usually above medium, uniform in size and shape. 

 Form roundish inclined to conic, somewhat flattened at the base, markedly 

 ribbed, irregular, somewhat angular. Stem medium to long, thick. Cavity 

 obtuse to somewhat acute, moderately deep to deep, rather broad, somewhat 

 furrowed, usually russeted. Calyx medium in size, usually closed; lobes 

 medium in length, rather narrow, acute. Basin shallow, narrow, rather 

 abrupt, much furrowed and wrinkled. 



Skin thick, smooth, rather tender, yellow marbled with pale green, and 

 occasionally having a thin brownish blush. Dots numerous, small, incon- 

 spicuous, submerged, light or russet. 



Calyx' tube very long to medium, deep, funnel-shape. Stamens median to 

 somewhat marginal. 



Core large, very abaxile to sometimes axile ; cells open or closed ; core 

 lines clasping the funnel cylinder. Carpels elliptic to broadly obcordate, 

 much concave, emarginate, much tufted. Seeds large, wide, long, obtuse, 

 dark dull brown. 



Flesh very strongly tinged with yellow, rather firm, moderately coarse, 

 crisp, tender, juicy, pleasant, rather mild, subacid, good. 



Season October to January. 



CHAMPLAIN. 



REFERENCES, i. N. E. Farmer, 1853 (cited by 14). 2. Downing, 1857:128. 

 3. Warder, 1867:637. 4. Downing, 1869:368. fig. 5. Am. Pom. Soc. Cat., 

 1871:10. 6. Leroy, 1873:828. fig. 7. Thomas, 1875:197,496. 8. Barry, 

 1883:334. 9. Bailey, An. Hort., 1892:245. 10. /&., 1892:250. n. Am. Pom. 

 Soc. Cat., 1897:12. 12. Waugh, Vt. Sta. An. Rpt., 14:290. 1901. 13. Budd- 

 Hansen, 1903 :6i. 14. Ragan, U. S. B. P. I. Bui, 56 :3OO. 1905. 



SYNONYMS. Calkin's Pippin (4, 14). CHAMPLAIN (i, 2, 3, 5, 11, 12, 13, 14). 

 Champlain (4, 6, 7, 8. 14). Geneva Pearmain (4, 6, 14). Havcrstraw Pippin 

 (4, 14). Large Golden Pippin (4, 6, 14). Nyack (9, 13). NYACK PIPPIN 

 (9). Nyack Pippin (4, 14). Paper (3, 4, 6, 14). Paper-Skin (3, 14). 

 Sourbough (13). Sour Bough (4, 6, 7, 14). SUMMER PIPPIN (4, 6, 7, 8, 

 10, 14). Summer Pippin (13, 14). Tart Bough (4, 6, 14). Underdunk (4, 6, 

 14). Vermont (14). Walworth (4, 6, 14). 



Nurserymen sometimes list this variety as Nyack, and sometimes 

 as Summer Pippin, but seldom or never as Champlain (9, 10). 

 Fruit of good size, smooth and attractive for a greenish-yellow 

 apple. It is good for dessert and excellent for culinary use. Since 

 it ripens in succession from late August till October, more than 

 two pickings are required to secure the crop in good condition, 

 neither too green nor too ripe. The tree is a good grower, hardy, 



