THE APPLES OF NEW YORK. 113 



brown tinged with green, lightly streaked with scarf-skin; slightly pubescent. 

 Lenticels scattering, small, oblong, not raised. Buds medium size, plump, 

 obtuse, free, slightly pubescent. 



FRUIT. 



Fruit below medium to above, pretty uniform in shape but not in size. 

 Form usually roundish conical, irregularly ribbed ; sides often unequal. Stem 

 medium to long, moderately slender, often bracted. Cavity acuminate to 

 acute, moderately deep, medium to narrow, slightly furrowed, thinly rus- 

 seted. Calyx medium to large, usually closed ; lobes medium in length, 

 moderately narrow, acuminate. Basin rather shallow to medium in depth, 

 narrow, somewhat abrupt, furrowed and wrinkled. 



Skin thin, tough, smooth, rather glossy, pale yellow washed and mottled 

 with red striped and splashed with carmine and overspread with whitish 

 bloom. Dots small, numerous, submerged, inconspicuous, light, areolar. 



Calyx tube variable in length, funnel-shape. Stamens median to marginal. 



Core medium or below, axile ; cells closed ; core lines slightly clasping or 

 meeting. Carpels roundish ovate or elongated ovate. Seeds very dark dull 

 brown, medium size, moderately wide, short, plump, obtuse. 



Flesh yellowish, a little coarse, crisp, tender, moderately juicy, sprightly 

 subacid, fair to good. 



Season last of July to September. 



KAIGHN. 



REFERENCES, i. Coxe, 1817:128. fig. 2. Downing, Horticulturist, 1:341. 

 1847. 3. Cole, 1849:125. 4. Thomas, 1849:173. 5. Emmons, Nat. Hist. 

 N. Y., 3:60. 1851. 6. Elliott, 1854:141. fig. 7. Hooper, 1857:49. 8. Down- 

 ing, 1857:158. 9. Warder, 1867:681. fig. 10. Downing, 1876:55 app. n. 

 Lyon, Midi. Hort. Soc. Rpt., 1890:294. 12. Bailey, An. Hort., 1892:242. 



SYNONYMS. KAIGHN (n). KAIGHN'S SPITZEMBURG (i). KAIGHN'S SPIT- 

 ZENBERG (3, 6, 9). KAIGHN'S SPITZENBERGH (2). KAIGHN'S SPITZENBURG (7, 

 12). KAIGHN'S SPITZENBURGH (4, 5, 8). KAIGN'S SPITZENBURG (10). Lady 

 Finger (erroneously 6, 7). Long John (6, 7). Long Pearmain (6, 7). 

 Ohio Wine (6). Red Pearmain (6, 7, 8). Red Phoenix (6). Red Pippin 

 (6). Red Spitscnbcrg (6). Red Spitzcnburg (8). Red Winter Pear- 

 main (6). Russam (6). Scarlet Pearmain, erroneously (6). Downing 

 states that Kaign's Spitzenberg and Long Red Permain, for many years 

 considered identical, are in reality distinct varieties in both tree and fruit. 

 He gives a long list of synonyms for Long Red Pearmain including all of 

 the synonyms cited above and adds, " The true Kaign's Spitzenburg, so far as 

 I know, has no synonyms " (10). 



This is an old variety of New Jersey origin which has been disseminated 

 through various parts of the West even to the Pacific Coast. The fruit is 

 showy and the tree productive. The tree makes a spreading, straggling 

 growth (i, n). According to Coxe (i) the fruit bears "a faint resemblance 

 to the Esopus Spitzemberg but is more pointed toward the crown ; the 

 color is a lively but pale red, faintly streaked and full of white spots ; the 



