THE APPLES OF NEW YORK. 125 



LONG RED PEARMAIN. 



REFERENCE, i. Downing, 1876:55 app. 



SYNONYMS. English Pear main incorrectly (i). Hudson Red Streak (i). 

 Kentucky Bellnower (i). Kentucky Gillflower (i). Kaighn's Spitzenburg 

 incorrectly (i). Lady Finger incorrectly (i). Long John (i). Long Pear- 

 riiain (i). LONG RED PEARMAIN (i). Mudhole (i). Park (not of Kansas) 

 (i). Pearmain (i). Pound Royal incorrectly (i). Red Bellnower incor- 

 rectly (i). Red Pearmain (i). Red Phoenix (i). Red Pippin (i). Red 

 Spitzenbcrg (i). Red Winter Pearmain incorrectly (i). Russam (i). 

 Scarlet Pearmain (i). Sheepnose of some (i). Striped Pearmain (i). 

 W abash Bellnower (i). Winter Pearmain (i). 



This variety was for many years considered identical with Kaighn. See 

 page 113. In 1876 Downing (i) stated that it was distinct from Kaighn in 

 tree and fruit and gave the list of synonyms for it which is cited above. 



The fruit is medium to large, oblong approaching conic, yellowish, shaded 

 and striped with red; flesh coarse, pleasant subacid, good; season late fall and 

 early winter. 



LONG STEM. 



REFERENCES, i. Cole, 1849:106. 2. Hooper, 1857:55. 3. Warder, 1867: 

 725. 4. Downing, 1869:256. 5. Ragan, U. S. B. P. I. Bui, 56:183. 1905. 



SYNONYMS. None. 



Several varieties of the apple have been known in cultivation under the 

 name Long Stem. One of these has already been described (Volume I, 

 page 196) as Long Stem of Pennsylvania; others are noticed below. The 

 references cited above do not all refer to the same variety. 



LONG STEM OF MASSACHUSETTS. The following is Cole's description of this 

 variety (i) : "Large medial; flattish-round ; pale yellow, brown full in the 

 sun ; dark specks and patches ; stem extremely long, slender, in a broad, deep 

 cavity; calyx large, rather open, in a broad, shallow basin; flesh white, rather 

 tender, juicy, of a rich, mild, delicious, sprightly, aromatic flavor. First-rate 

 for the dessert or cooking. Sept. ist, to the last of Oct. Good and constant 

 bearer. Origin, East Bridgewater, Ms." 



LONG STEM OF CONNECTICUT. Downing (4) describes this variety as hav- 

 ing young shoots of dull reddish-brown, somewhat downy, with prominent, 

 flattened buds. Fruit medium, roundish oblate, yellow; flesh fine-grained, 

 sweet, rich, good. Season September to January. 



LONGWORTH. 



REFERENCES, i. Downing, 1881 :94 app. 2. Beach and Clark, N. Y. Sta. 

 Bui., 248:129. 1904. 



SYNONYMS. LONGWORTH (2). LONGWORTH RED WINTER (i). 



Fruit of fairly good color but not very large ; inferior in quality to standard 

 varieties of its season. It is variable in season (2) ; some years it keeps 

 fairly well till midwinter, but generally speaking, as grown at this Station, 



