EARLY HISTORY 3 



French of Libaut and Etienne's Maison Rustique. In 1618 

 William Lawson's work, A New Orchard Garden, appeared, 

 and in 1629 Parkinson's first edition of Paradisus was 

 printed. He gives a few plates of the wild varieties of 

 Pears and Apples, but in Apples he only names one which 

 he calls " Manured " (renewed or improved) the Holland 

 Pippin, which is occasionally met with even to-day in 

 Lincolnshire. The present writer had an old orchard 

 which contained a tree of this variety ; it was remarkable 

 for its large and lovely pink and white flowers, but the 

 fruit was inferior. 



Ralph Austen's quaint volume A Treatise of Fruit Trees 

 and the Spiritual Use of a Garden of Fruits was published 

 in 1653. He mentions that the Sultan of Turkey had 

 Pear trees on the Quince stock potted up to decorate his 

 palace. John Beale wrote a treatise in 1657 extolling 

 The Hereford Orchards a pattern for the whole of England, 

 which no doubt laid the foundation of fruit culture in 

 the Western Midlands. It may be mentioned here that the 

 finest illustrated book on the subject yet published is the 

 Hereford Pomona (1878-80), edited by Dr. Bull assisted 

 by Dr. Robert Hogg. The plates are beautifully coloured, 

 and the edition is a sumptuous work of five volumes. 

 Evelyn's translation of Quintinye's The Compleat Gardner 

 in 1693 had a profound influence on fruit-growing ; it 

 was copied from later by Loudon and Wise. Publications 

 of a more or less popular nature were John Lawrence's 

 Clergyman's Recreation (1714) and Switzer's Practical Fruit 

 Gardener (1724). Philip Miller's well-known work main- 

 tained the interest in Pomology, till Batty Langley in 1720 

 produced the first book that gave really good illustrations 



