EMANCIPATION OF THE FORE-LIMBS 9 



on land. By its mobility it produces movement, but it 

 does not support the weight of the animal's body. It is a 

 propelling, but not a supporting, limb (see Fig. 4). A 



FIG. 2. HUMAN FOREARM WITH THE HAND TURNED PALMAR 

 SURFACE UPWARDS SUPINATED. 



I'IG. 3. HUMAN FOREARM WITH THE HAND TURNED PALMAR 

 SURFACE DOWNWARDS PRONATED. 



FIG. 4. DIAGRAMMATIC OUTLINE OF A PRIMITIVE TYPE OF 

 VERTEBRATE WITH PROPELLING, BUT NOT SUPPORTING, 

 LIMBS. 



very near approximation to our ideal primitive limb is 

 seen in the ordinary water newt. We may readily appre- 

 ciate, in watching such an animal, the perfection with 



