204 The Bible of Nature 



that other prime-mover Love which almost 

 alone disputes hunger's claims with success. The 

 originally simple attraction between the sexes 

 becomes gradually associated with aesthetic at- 

 tractions, psychical sympathies, and practical co- 

 operation in work, and fondness is sublimed into 

 Love. This expands till it laps the family in its 

 folds, returns enhanced to the pair, and broadens 

 out again to the kindred. Along another line the 

 primary hunger becomes differentiated into desire 

 to avoid pain, to increase comfort and well-being, 

 to realize the self. As in mankind, the egoistic 

 and altruistic, the self-preserving and other-re- 

 garding impulses intertwine, so that at the end 

 they are no more distinguishable than at the be- 

 ginning. 



Has Human Conduct Evolved from Animal Be- 

 haviour? A study of animal behaviour seems to in- 

 dicate that while we may not be justified in crediting 

 animals with reason or with morals in the strict 

 sense, we must credit them with what may be 

 called the raw materials of morality with af- 

 fection, gentleness, and self-sacrifice, with jealousy, 

 vanity, self-assertiveness, and so on through a long 

 list. The fundamental motives are all there. 



But in what sense, if any, may it be said that 

 human conduct has evolved from "animal be- 

 haviour" ? It appears to us that the true answer 

 is, that man inherited from his pre-human an- 



