338 



FOSSIL VERTEBRATA OF NORTH AMERICA. 



Lesley, J. P. 1890 A, p. 977. (Sphenophorus.) 

 Miller, S. A. 1892 A, p. 71(1. 



Woodward, A. 8. 1891 A, p. 157. (Spheuophorus.) 

 Devonian (Chemung); Pennsylvania. 



Oestophorus 11. sp. Eastman. 

 Eastman, C. R. 1899 B, p. 287. (Sphenophorus 

 n. sp.; no description.) 

 Devonian; Iowa. 



CALLOGNATHUS Newb. Type C. regularis Newb. 



Neioberry, J. S. 1889 A, p. 69. 

 Miller, S. A. 1892 A, p. 714. 



Callognathus regularis Newb. 

 Newberry, J. S. 1889 A, p. 70, pi. xxvii, fig. 18. 

 Woodward, A. S. 1891 A, p. 157. 



Devonian (Cleveland shale); Ohio. 



Callog-nathus serratus Newb. 



Newberry, J. S. 1889 A, p. 70, pi. xxvii. figs. 16. 17. 

 Woodward, A. S. 1891 A, p. 157. 



Devonian (Cleveland shale); Ohio. 



PROSPIRAXIS Williams. Type Spiraxis major Newb. 



Williams, H. S. 1887 A, p. 86. 



Cope, E. D. 1895 B, p. 159. (Spiraxis.) 



Hollick, A. 1894 A, p. 118. ( Spiraxis. ) 



Newberry, J. S. 1885 C, p. 219. (Spiraxis, not of 



Adams, 1850.) 

 Stainier, X. 1894 A. (Spiraxis.) 



Prospiraxis major (Newb.). 



Newberry, J. S. 1885 C, p. 219, pi. xviii, fig. 1. 



(Spiraxis.) 



Cope, E. D. 1895 B, p. 159. (Spiraxis.) 

 Lesley, J. P. 1890 A, p. 994, figures. (Spiraxis.) 



Williams, H. S. 1887 A, p. 86. (Spiraxis ? .) 

 Devonian (Chemung); Ohio, New York? 



Prospiraxis randallii (Newb.). 

 Newberry, J. S. 1885 C, p. 220, pi. xviii, figs 2, 3. 



(Spiraxis.) 



Cope, E. D. 1895 B, p. 159. (Spiraxis.) 

 Lesley, J. P. 1890 A, p. 995. (Spiraxis.) 

 Williams, H. S. 1887 A, p. 86. (Spiraxis? .) 



Devonian (Chemung); Pennsylvania New 



York. ? 



Class PISCES Linnseus. 



Linnfeus, C., 1758, Syst. Nat., ed. x, p. 239. 

 Agassiz, L. 1843 B. 



1844 A. 



1845 A. 

 Baudelot, E. 1873 A. 



J873 B. 

 Bridge, W. J. 1879 A. 



18% A. 

 Cope, E. D. 1872 C. 



1877 O. 



1878 A. 

 issr, <;. 



1890 B. 



1891 N. 



Dean, B. 1895 A. 



Gadow, H. 1898 A, p. 7. (Teleostomi.) 



Gegenbaur, C. 1898 A. 



Gill, T. 1861 A. (Telostei, Ganoidei.) 



1872 C. 



1873 B. 

 1873 D. 



1893 A. (Teleostomes.) 

 . 18% C. p. 912. 

 Grassi, B. 1883 A. 

 Gunther, A. 1880 A. 



1881 A. 



Haeckel, E. 1895 A, p. 244 (Ganoides); p. 247 (Os- 

 teodermi) ; p. 252 (Teleostei) ; p. 257 (Dipneusta). 

 Harrison, R. G. 1894 A. (Teleostei.) 

 Hertwig, 0. 1876 A. 



1881 A. 

 Hubrecht, A. A. W. 1878 A. 



Humphrey, J. 1866 A. 

 Huxley, T. 1870 A, p. 440. 



1876 A. 



Jordan, D. S. 1891 A. 

 Jordan and Evermann, 18% A. 



1898 A. 



Nicholson and Lydekker 1889 A. 

 Owen, R. 1847 B. 



1866 A. 

 Parker, W. K. 1874 A. 



1882 A. 



Pictet, F. J. 1854 A, p. 37. (" Teleostiens.") 

 Pollard, H. B. 1894 B. ("Fishes.") 

 Rose, C. 1894 B. (" Fishes.") 

 Ryder, J. 1879 B. 



1885 A. 



1892 A. 



Stannius, H. 1854 A. 



Steinmann and Doderlein 1890 A, p. 551. ( Euk-h- 

 thyes.) 



Woodward, A. S. 1891 A. 

 1895 A. 



Zittel, K. A. 1890 A. 



The term Pisces is employed here in much 

 the same sense in which it was used originally 

 by Linnaeus; that is, to designate the fish-like 

 animals, exclusive of the sharks and rays and 

 the lampreys. There are furthermore included 

 certain fossil groups and the Dipnoi, not known 

 to Linnaeus. The authors cited above use the 

 term in various senses, and some employ other 

 terms to designate this group. 



