622 



FOSSIL VEETEBRATA OF NORTH AMERICA. 



[BULL. 179. 



Trouessart, E. L. 1898 A, p. 790. 

 Weithofer, A. 1888 A, p. 273. 

 Wheatley, C. M. 1871 A. 

 Wilckens, M. 1884 A. 



1884 B. 



1885 A. 



The North American species of this genus 

 have been greatly confused, and many of the 

 identifications of authors are erroneous. In 

 this work the species are accepted on the au- 

 thority of Mr. j. W. Gidley, of the American 

 Museum of Natural History, New York, who 

 has made an exhaustive study of them. His 

 paper appeared in the Bulletin of the Museum, 

 vol. xiv, 1901, pp. 92-142. He is not to. be held 

 responsible for the citations that are made 

 under the various species. 



Equus cabalhis Linn. 



Linnaeus, C., 1758, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, i, p. 73. 



Agassiz, L. in Holmes, F. S. 1858 A. (" Horse." ) 



Boule, M. 1899 A, p. 531, figs. 1, 6, 9, 12, 19. 



Broadhead, G. C. 1870 A. ("Horse;" species 

 doubtful.) 



Buckland, W. 1831 A, p. 595, pi. iii, figs. 14-16. 

 ("Horse;" species doubtful.) 



Cope, E. D. 1884 G, pp. 10, 11. 



1887 N, p. 1072, fig. 43. 

 1893 A, pp. 66, 82, 



Dana, J. D. 1879 A, p. 233. 



Emmons, E. 1858 B, p. 196, figs. 18-21. ( E. caballus; 



identification doubtful.) 

 Gidley, J. W. 1900 A, p. Ill, figs. 4, 5, A. 

 Holmes, F. S. 1858 A. (" Horse.") 

 Huxley, T. H. 1872 A, p. 295. 

 Leidy, J. in Holmes, F. S. 1858 A. (" Horse.") 



1860 B, p. 101. 



1869 A, pp. 261, 399. (E. caballus, E. fos- 

 > silis.) 



1871 C, p. 360. (E. fossilis.) 



1889 D, p. 16. 



1889 E, p. 19. 



Leidy, J. in Whitney,' J. D. 1879 A, p. 257. 

 Lydekker, R. 1882 A, p. 71. 



1886 A, pp. 73, 78, 80, 82, 83, 86. 

 Marsh, O. C. 1879 D. 



Owen, R. 1845 B, p. 572, pis. cxxxvi, cxxxvii. 

 1868 A, p. 352, figs. 280-285. 



1890 A. 

 Pavlow, M. 1888 A. 



1890 A. 



Richardson, J. 1854 A, p. 17. (E. fossilis.) 

 Roger, 0. 18% A, p. 180. 

 Swallow, G. C. 1866 A. ("Horse;" possibly not 



E. caballus.) 

 Wilckens, M. 1884 B, p. 337. 



1888 A, p. 16. 



Zittel, K. A. 1893 B, pp. 234, 235, figs. 169G, 170F: 

 p. 257, fig. 202. 



Pleistocene; Alaska, California, Kansas, Mis- 

 souri, North Carolina, South Carolina, Canada. 



Remains supposed to belong to the same spe- 

 cies as our domestic horse have been found in 

 various places in North America. In some cases 

 the identifications have been open to question; 

 in other cases the remain., may have been de- 

 rived from the introduced race. The former 

 existence of the species in Alaska and in Cali- 

 fornia appears well established. 



Equus complicatus Leidy. 



Leidy, J. 1858 C, p. 11. 



Blake, C. C. 1863 A, p. 28. (E. nearcticus Blake.) 



Carpenter, W. M. 1838 A, p. 202, figs. 1-3. 



("Horse.") 



Cooper, Wm. 1831 A, P- 207. (" Equus." ) 

 Cooper, Smith and De Kay, 1831 A, p. 371. 



("Horse.") 

 Cope, E. D. 1869 E, p. 176. 



1869 N, p. 741. 



1878 H, p. 389. (E. major.) 



1882 FF, p. 922. (E. major.) 



1884 G, pp. 10, 11, (E. major.) 



1884 JJ, p. 41. (E. major. ) 



1889 F. (E. major.) 



1889 S, p. 980. (E. major.) 



1892 E, p. 251. (E. major, ) 



1892 J, p> 123. (E. major.) 



1893 A, p. 83. (E. major.) 



1896 H, p. 463, pi. xi, fig. 8; pi. xii. (E. in- 



termedius.) 

 1899 A, pp. 255, 259. (E. complicatus, E. 



intermedius.) 

 Cragin, F. W. 18% A, p. 53. 



De Kay, J. E. 1842 C, p. 108. E. major; no descrip- 

 tion, no figures, no types.) 

 Gibbes, R. W. 1850 B. (E. americanus.) 



1850 C. (E. americanus.) 

 Gidley, J. W. 1900 A, p. 114. (E. eous.) 



Hay, O. P. 1899 A, p. 593. (E. eous, to replace E. 



intermedius.) 



Holmes, F. S. 1850 A. ("Equus.") 

 Kindle, E. M. 1898 A, p. 485. 



Leidy, J. 1847 A, p. 265, pi. ii, figs. 1, 4-6. (E. 

 americanus, preoccupied.) 



1847 C, p. 328. (E. americanus.) 



1851 K, p. 140. (E. americanus.) 



1853 E. (E. americanus.) 



1854 I, p. 200. (E. americanus.) 



1860 B, p. 100, pi. xv, figs. 2-5, 7, 9, 11-15; 

 pi. xvi, figs. 24-26, 30, 31. 



1868 A, p. 175. 



1869 A, pp. 265, 399. (E. major.) 

 1871 A, p. 63. (E. major.) 



1871 C, p. 360. (E. major.) 



1871 F, p. 113. 



1873 B, pp. 244, 321, pi. xxxiii, figs. 3-18. 



1877 A, p. 212. (E. major.) 



1884 A. (E. major.) 



1889 F, p. 38, figures. (E. major.) 



1890 A, p. 182. (Hippotherium princeps.) 

 Leidy and Lucas 1896 A, pp. viii, 49; pi. xii, figs. 



12, 13. (E. major.) 



Miller, G. S. 1899 B, p. 372. (E. major.) 



Roger, 0. 18% A, p. 176 (Hipparion princeps); p. 

 178 (E. major); p. 179 (E. intermedius). 



Skilton, 1858 A. (E. major.) 



Trouessart, E. L. 1898 A, p. 790. (E. major.) 



Wailes, B. C. L. 1854 A, p. 286. (E. americanus.) 



Wilckens, M. 1884 B, p. 337. 



Williston, S. W. 1897 I, p. 303. (E. major.) 

 1898 I, p. 92. (E. major.) 



Woodworth, J. B. 1900 B, p. 459. ("Fossil horse.") 

 Pleistocene; Mississippi, Missouri, South Car- 

 olina, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, New York, 

 Massachusetts, Indiana, Illinois, Kentucky, 

 Texas, Kansas, Louisiana, Oregon, Washington, 

 Nevada. 



