SYLVICULTURE. 



B. Culled forms of high forest: 



I. Characteristic for tlie culled forms of high forest is the 

 aosence of mature or maturing trees belonging to a desirable species; 

 the preponderance of weeds, unsound trees, undesirable species and 

 of trees and poles badly crippled by the logging operations. Only 

 diseased trees or relative small trees of the desirable species are 

 left to seed the ground. 



Advance growth is invariably spoiled where the trees are omni- 

 vendible or multivendible. 



Characteristic for the culled forms is, further, the presence of 

 large amounts of debris and of a parched humus. 



As a rule, the culled forms show death and scars due to 

 forest fires. 



Frequently, the culled forest displays an entirely new assort- 

 ment of the species composing it, the previously prevailing species 

 having been removed by logging. It is more " mobbish " than the 

 primeval forest. 



II. Subdivisions of culled forms of high forest: 



The culled forest is usually more uniform than the primeval 

 forest from which it emanates, owing to the uniform character of 

 the logging operations. Still, the compartment form, group form 

 and selection form originally exhibited are usually retained. 



In the compartment form and in the group form a few worth- 

 less trees or veterans left standing and continuing to live fre- 

 quently remind on the " form of standards in high forest " or on 

 the " form of underplanted high forest." (Compare C, II, b, of 

 the same paragraph.) 



III. Treatment of the culled high forest: 



Where fires are kept out, the chances for seed regeneration are 

 good unusually good owing to the condition of the seed-bed and 

 to the unlimited food supply available for the seedlings. 



In the case of Yellow Pines, light fires seem even helpful to 

 n. s. r. 



Since the valuable species form, however, the minority amongst 

 the seed-trees, the worthless and less valuable kinds usually prevail 

 in the young growth formed after culling. Cleaning and weeding 

 are required to improve the prospects of the minority composed of 

 noble species. Besides, improvement cuttings are indicated in the 

 culled forms : " The culled form is the form requiring improvement 

 cuttings." 



The " aristocrats " frequently return only to the regeneration 

 area after a score or two of years, the rash " mob " then acting 

 as nurse-trees or as ushers. 



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