Forest Mensuration 25 



All tables, except Yellow Poplar tables, are based on the measurement 

 of a large number of trees. The Yellow Poplar tables are based on stem 

 analyses of a small number of trees. 



B. According to measurement of height and diameter combined. 



Page 93. Wisconsin White Pine (height expressed by the number of 



logs obtainable from merchantable bole) in feet, b. m., Doyle. 

 Page 103. Adirondack Spruce expressed in feet, b. m., Scribner, the 



total height of trees being measured. 

 Page 104. The same in cubic feet. 

 Page 105. The same in cords for pulp wood. 

 Page 106. New Hampshire Spruce in feet, b. m., in New Hampshire 



cubic feet sanctioned by law. 

 Pages 108 and in. Adirondack White Pine with bark, expressed in 



cubic feet. 

 Page no. Adirondack White Pine in feet, b. m., Doyle. 



Monographic investigation into the growth of the leading American spe- 

 cies is of great importance. The trees of virgin forests are very defective, 

 however,, and tree tables can never be constructed giving the contents of 

 defective trees. 



SECTION III. VOLUME OF FORESTS. 

 PARAGRAPH XXXIX. 



SYNOPSIS OF METHODS FOR ASCERTAINING THE VOLUME OF FORESTS. 



The methods used to find the volumes of entire forests, of forest com- 

 partments, tracts, quarter sections, coves, etc., are : 



1. Estimating (Par. XL.). 



2. Exact calculation after measurements (Par. XLL, f. f.). 



3. Combined measuring and estimating (Par. IL., f. f.). 



Obviously, measuring without estimation is possible only in forests con- 

 taining little unsound timber. 



PARAGRAPH XL. 



ESTIMATION OF FOREST VOLUME. 



In primeval woods, where a few assortments only are salable and where 

 stumpage is cheap, the estimation of stumpage necessarily takes the place 

 of the measurement. If any measurements are taken, they are merely 

 meant to back the estimation of the cruiser. The more defective the trees 

 are, the more preferable is judgment and local long experience in the mill 

 and in the woods on the side of the cruiser to mere measuring. 



