CHAP. xvi. THE NEGLECT OF PHRENOLOGY. 185 



Retzer upon the " Functions of the Brain in Man and 

 Animals " he stated that there was a strange communi- 

 cation of the muscles with cerebral organs, adding 

 " when certain cerebral organs are put in action you are 

 led, according to their seat, to take certain positions, as 

 though you are drawn by a wire, so that one can dis- 

 cover the seat of the acting organs by the motions." 

 This is the natural " expression of the emotions " which 

 was so well studied by Darwin, but which Gall at the 

 end of the last century had already determined to have 

 its seat in the same parts of the brain which originated 

 the emotions themselves. And these facts were well 

 known to all the early students of phrenology. Dr. 

 Davey, of Bristol, stated to the " Bath and Bristol Medi- 

 cal Association " in 1874, that in 1842 he was present 

 at a series of experiments which went to demonstrate, 

 in the most decided and unequivocal manner, that the 

 stimulation of many parts of the cerebrum of man did 

 excite both sensation and motion. He added: " I affirm 

 that twenty-eight years before Hitzig ascertained and 

 .taught the fact as stated, the same was known to the late 

 Dr. Elliot-son, to the late Dr. Engledue, and to Messrs. 

 Atkinson and Syme, of London, including others who 

 may be nameless. It is not now, as it was then, so really 

 dangerous to announce the discovery of things new and 

 strange. The present age is, we hope, less illiberal than 

 I knew and even felt it to be at the time referred to. 

 Doctors Hitzig and Terrier would not be reaping the 

 happy harvest of their very commendable labors if 

 things were not now altered for the better." 



It is clear then that the correspondence of the motor- 

 areas of Terrier with the phrenological organs of which 



