ADDITION 



ADDRESS 



and the last figure in each partial sum. This 

 addition usually appears in the Banker's 

 Method, thus: 



32 



17 and the sum is read as the last sum set 



19 down and the units digit in each of the 



10 other sums. 



10972 



The Group Method varies with individuals. 

 Many group in 10's: 



68 



23 In first column (3, 4, 3=10) (8, 2=10), 



74 2 is added at top of ten's column and 



92 taken from 7 and added to 9, and the* 



63 addition continues 20, 26, 32. 



32<r 



Others group in groups of two or three or 

 more numbers in a column as 



23 



74 Others look for a number of 9's or 8's 



92 or 7's, and so on, and cast about to 

 63 make them. Here they see 9, 7+2, 

 59 8+1 in units column and 9, 5+4, 2 in 



93 tens column. 

 47 



41 

 36 



They might look for 8, 7+1, 6 or 6+1, 

 7, 7, 1; and 4+4, and 5+3. 



Group adding varies almost with the indi- 



vidual. Adding two or more columns at the 



same time is accomplished by cross addition, 



ing with the individual, as in the follow- 



ing: 



16 



73 



462 



:w> 

 174 



73+5+30+6+40=154 



or 

 70+30+8+6+40=154 



174+6+50+300+400+60+2 

 174, 180, 230, 530, 930, 992 



A.H. 



niiiiln,- ,, \, 1,11.1,,,, 

 ion 



it method of counting 

 rly steps 



>ra to be guarded against 

 Thinking of number* an 

 4. Measuring with .! rmit.- 



tS conditions 

 of home r 



7. Use of ro.-il n 



8. Addition taught by means of 



9. Addition correlated with geography 



(a) Problems relating to products of country 



(b) To exports 



(c) To area 



(d) To population 



(e) To Imports 



(f) To immigration 



(g) To other statistics 



10. Processes 



(a) Decimal notation 



(b) Addition of t* 



(c) Addition of hundreds 



11. Tests 



(a) Partial sums 



(b) Casting out nines 



ADDRESS ' , FORMS or. Thr forms used in 

 addressing persons who hold titles of nobility 

 or offices of dignity are more rigidly observed 

 in monarchies than in countries under a re- 

 public form of government. The Constitution 

 of the United States forbids the government to 

 grant titles of nobility, or officials of the gov- 

 ernment to accept them from foreign States, 

 but custom has sanctioned certain forms of 

 address for the President, Vice-President and 

 other officers of dignified position. The fol- 

 lowing list includes the more important forms: 



Ambassador: His Excellency, the [French] 

 Ambassador. A United States ambassador to a 

 foreign country is addressed as "Hon." 



Archbishop: His Grace, the Lord Arch- 

 bishop of . Letters begin "My Lord 



Archbishop." 



Cabinet Officer: The Honorable the Sec- 

 retary of - ; The Honorable the Post- 

 master-General, etc. 



Countess: The Right Honorable the Count- 

 ess of . Letters begin "Madam," and 



Mirss her as "Your La.ly-!. 



Duke: His Grace the Duke of ; ad- 

 dressed personally as "Your drn< 



Earl: The Right Honorablr tho Karl of 

 ; addressed personally as "Your Lord- 

 ship." 



Governor: In Massachusetts by law and in 



tin r states by courtesy this official is ad- 



iln-><i-ii as "Hi- i:\n II. !!.-> ;!.. Qorenoi 



Hi. Governor of - -"; or 



, Governor of." Ho i. 



formally spoken to as "Your Excellen* 



Kmu: Th. Kn,i:V M,,.t I \ccllcnt Majesty. 

 Letters begin "Sire" and address him a* 



Pope: Letters are addressed "His Holincw, 

 the Pope/' or "Our Most Holy Father. 

 !,,,. __." Letters begin "Most Holy 



President ! are addressed: "The 



