ADJECTIVE 



Essex County. By some authorities the 

 Adirondack^ are considered to be a part of 

 the Appalachian highlands, but others regard 

 them as an independent mountain system. 

 The highest peak, Mount Marey, rises to an 

 altitude of 5,344 feet; Mount Mclntyre is but 

 232 feet lower, and Haystack, Dix, Whiteface, 

 Giant and Skylight mountains are all over 

 4,500 feet high. Famous among the lakes of 

 the range are Champlain and George. 



The rugged beauty of the Adirondack.*, with 

 their numerous mountain lakes and great 

 forest areas, attracts each year larire numbers 

 of automobile tourists, and in the summer 

 n there is much travel on the improved 

 highways which have been constructed by the 

 state and various counties. Sportsmen, too, 

 find this a very attractive region. About half 

 of the range has been constituted a state 

 park, partly to preserve the natural beauty of 

 the mountains, and partly to conserve the rain 

 waters and the moisture of melting snows, for 

 when the hillsides are denuded of their forest 

 coverings, the waters run down to the streams 

 and cause destructive floods. The state of 

 New York has also set aside a portion of the 

 Adirondacks as a forest farm, in connection 

 with which is maintained the School of 

 Forestry of Cornell University. These moun- 

 tains contain deposits of iron ore and building 

 stone, and their timber is utilized by the man- 

 ufacturers of paper-pulp. T.E.F. 



ADJECTIVE. Our word adjective is de- 

 rived from two Latin words, meaning added to. 

 An adjective is a part of speech which, added 

 to a noun or pronoun, makes its meaning 

 clearer and more definite. It is said to 

 modify or limit the noun or pronoun, since it 

 makes its application more specific, less gen- 

 eral. Thus, country has a world-wide interpre- 

 tation, but by prefixing the adjective cold we 

 limit its meaning to countries outside tropical 

 and sub-tropical latitudes. 



If the adjective answers the question What 

 kind? with reference to a person or object, it 

 is a descriptive, or qualifying, adjective. If it 

 merely points out without describing, it is a 

 limiting, or definitive, adjective. 



Descriptive Adjectives. It is the descriptive 

 adjectives that are most numerous and that 

 give color and variety to language. There 

 are three classes, illustrated in the following 

 sentence : "This bright, well-mannered lad is a 

 typical American product." Bright and typical 

 are common adjectives, modifying respectively 

 the nouns lad and product; well-mannered is a 



."> I ADJECTIVE 



participial adjective modifying lad; American 

 is a proper atijt-ctirc modifying product. In 

 English all proper adjectives, like proper nouns, 

 must be capitalized, although this is not the 

 custom in many foreign languages. 



Predicate Adjectives. When a qualifying 

 adjective is used to complete the meaning of 

 the verb to be, or such similar verbs as sc( in, 

 appear, become, look, fed, taste or smt-ll, it is 

 called a predicate adjective; as, The poppy is 

 crimson; he felt sad; the nut tasted bilttr. 



A<lj( ctircs as Nouns. A descriptive adjec- 

 tive may be used as the subject of a sentence 

 by prefixing the, thus indicating a class; as, 

 the wise are polite all the world over; the 

 busiest can always find time for the odd tasks 

 that the indolent refuse. 



Limiting Adjectives. The two kinds of lim- 

 iting adjectives are illustrated in the sentence, 

 "The five officers made weekly reports to 

 George the Third, confirming him in an absurd 

 notion that too much liberty had already been 

 granted." Five, weekly, third and much are 

 all limiting adjectives denoting respectively 

 number, frequency, numerical order and quan- 

 tity. They are grouped under the general 

 term of adjectives of quantity. The and an 

 or a are limiting adjectives belonging to a 

 special group called articles, the being the 

 definite article and a and an the indefinite. See 

 ARTICLE. 



Pronominal Adjectives. Some grammarians 

 class the pronouns this, that, these, those, 

 which, each, such, both, most, many, few, and 

 the like as pronominal adjectives, but it is 

 generally considered simpler to treat them as 

 adjective pronouns. See PRONOUN. 



Position and Order of Adjectives. When it 

 modifies a noun the adjective, unless used to 

 complete the predicate verb, generally pre- 

 cedes the noun and is preceded by the article; 

 as, an agreeable man. After how, so and too, 

 however, the adjective follows the article; as, 

 How agreeable a man; so agreeable a man; 

 00 agreeable a man. 



Where there is a series of adjectives the one 

 that is most closely connected with the object 

 is placed next to the noun, while the others are 

 arranged according to importance. Thus we 

 say, The little old lady, not the old little lady; 

 an expensive new gold watch, not a new gold 

 expensive watch. If they are of equal rank, 

 they are arranged according to harmonious 

 sound, usually the shortest first. 



There are some constructions in which, for 

 purposes of emphasis, clearness, euphony or 



