ADRIAN 



60 



ADRIATIC SEA 



a monastery in France as a servant, and 

 remained in the same monastery until, in 1137, 

 he became its abbot. In 1146 he was made 

 cardinal-bishop of Albano, and eight years 

 later was made Pope, despite the protests of 

 the Italians. It was he who bestowed Ireland 

 on the English king, Henry II. and who bmm 

 that long struggle with the Hohenstaufen 

 emperors which formed one of the most per- 

 plexing chapters of medieval history. 



At Irian VI became Pope in 1522, and set him- 

 >elf at once to right abuses which had crept 

 into the Church. His rule was unpopular, but 

 even his enemies could not refuse him their 

 respect, and he might have accomplished much 

 had he not died before he had been two years 

 in his high office. 



ADRIAN, MICH., the county seat of Lena wee 

 County, is noted principally for the manu- 

 facture of woven wire fences. It is situated on 

 the Raisin River, in the southeastern part of 

 the state. Toledo is thirty-three miles south- 

 east, Detroit is sixty miles northeast, and Chi- 

 cago is 210 miles west. Railway transporta- 

 tion is provided by the Detroit, Toledo & 

 Ironton, New York Central and Wabash. rail- 

 roads and the Toledo & Western electric line. 

 Adrian was founded in 1825, was incorporated 

 as a village in 1828 and as a city in 1850. It 

 was named in honor of the Roman Emperor 

 Hadrian. In 1914 the commission form of 

 government was adopted. The population in- 

 creased from 10,763 in 1910 to 11,234 in 1914, 

 Germans and Irish forming the greater part 

 of the small foreign element. The area exceeds 

 four square miles. 



Adrian is the pioneer city in the United 

 States in the woven-wire fence industry. Six 

 mills are engaged in making this product; the 

 largest employs 1,200 men and has its wire 

 mills at Monessen, Pa. In addition to these 

 it has manufactories of automobiles, pianos, 

 organs, furniture and electrical supplies. It is 

 a No a shipping point for grain, fruit and dairy 

 products. The city has a Federal building, a 

 Y. M. C. A. building and a city hall. Besides 

 public schools and a public library with 

 20,000 volumes, there are Adrian College 

 (Methodist Protestant), Saint Joseph's Acad- 

 emy and the State Industrial Home for Girls, 

 for the correction of female offenders between 

 the ages of ten and seventeen. To its beauti- 

 fully shaded streets the city owes the name 

 The Maple City, by which it is locally known. 



ADRIANO'PLE, a fortified city and im- 

 Dortant military post in the northeastern part 



of European Turkey. It is i;J7 miles by rail 

 west and north of Constantinople, at the junc- 

 tion of three navigable rivers, the Maritza, 

 Arda and Tunja. Adrianople was founded on 

 the ruins of an ancient Thracian city by the 

 emperor Hadrian (A. D. 76-138), and was the 

 capital of the Ottoman Empire from 1361 to 

 1453. In 1829 a treaty was signed here by 

 Russia and Turkey in which the former agreed 

 to acknowledge the independence of Greece. 

 During the Balkan War the city was besiege.l 

 by the Bulgarians and Serbians for six months 

 and surrendered on March 27, 1913, but on 

 July 21 of the same year it was recaptured. 

 The chief buildings are a great mosque, a 

 palace now in ruins, inns, churches, schools 

 and two splendid bazaars. The manufactures 

 are silk, woolen and cotton stuffs, attar of roses 

 and leathers. Population, about 80,000. 



ADRIAT'IC SEA, an arm of the Mediter- 

 ranean, stretching in a northwesterly direction 

 from the Straits of Otranto, along the eastern 

 coast of Italy. Its length is about 480 miles, 

 its average breadth about 100 miles, and its 



'Tis sweet to hear, 



At midnight on the blue and moonlit deep, 

 The song and oar of Adria's gondolier, 



By distance mellowed, o'er the waters sweep. 



BYRON. 



area about 60,000 square miles. In the north 

 it forms the Gulf of Venice, on which is 

 Venice, the city on the sea. In the northeast 

 is the Gulf of Triest. Formerly the Adriatic 

 was the highway of an extensive commerce of 

 the medieval cities and those of the early mod- 

 ern period. To-day it is of little importance 

 commercially, and since the War of the Na- 

 tions began in 1914 has been largely under 

 the political control of Italy. 



