AFRICA 



84 



AFRICA 



OWNERSHIP OF AFRICA BEFORE THE WAR OF THE NATIONS 



B stands for British possessions, F for French, G for German, P for Portuguese, S for Spanish, 

 I for Italian, Bel for Belgium. Since the war began Great Britain has formally declared a protec- 

 torate over Egypt and the Sudan. The South Africans conquered German Southwest Africa for 

 Britain. The French and British together conquered Togoland and Kamerun. The British in 1916 

 won German East Africa. Germany was deprived of all its possessions by the treaty of peace. 



British South Africa Company), Swaziland, Un- 

 ion of South Africa, Nigeria colony and pro- 

 tectorate, Gambia colony and protectorate, Gold 

 Coast colony and protectorate, Ashanti, Sierra 

 Leone colony and protectorate, Egypt protec- 

 torate, Sudan ; area, over 3,000,000 square miles ; 

 population, about 50,000,000. 



Italy. Eritrea, Somaliland colony and protec- 

 torate, Tripoli and Cyrenaica ; area, about 600,000 

 square miles; population, about 1,400,000. 



Portugal. Cape Verde Islands, Guinea, Saint 

 Thomas and Principe, Angola, Mozambique ; 

 area, 793,980 square miles; population, 8,245,032. 



Spain. Canary Islands, Rio de Oro and Adrar, 

 Guinea, Fernando Po, Morocco protectorate ; 

 area, about 100,000 square miles; population, 

 about 2,500,000. 



Other Items of Interest. Where the Strait 

 of Gibraltar is narrowest, the coast of Africa is 



within nine miles of that of Europe. The 

 towns nearest each other are Tarifa and Ceuta. 



At a comparatively recent period, as geolo- 

 gists count time, Africa was joined to Asia all 

 along the Red Sea; but there was an upheaval, 

 a long, deep valley appeared, and water flowed 

 in from the sea and separated the two conti- 

 nents. 



The greatest heat in Africa is not, as might 

 be supposed, at the equator, but ten or fifteen 

 degrees north. Differences in altitude account 

 for this. 



The highest point in the continent is Kili- 

 manjaro, 19,728 feet above sea level; the low- 

 est occurs in the Sahara Desert, which is in 

 places 150 feet below sea level. 



