AGUINALDO 



116 



AID-DE-CAMP 



he shivers, his teeth chatter and his face, lips, 

 ears and nails become blue, while his tempera- 

 ture rises to 102 or more. In the course of 

 time the coldness is succeeded by warmth, the 

 face becomes red and the head aches. In this 

 stage the fever is between 103 and 105. 

 Finally, the skin becomes soft and damp, the 

 patient sweats profusely, and, the fever having 

 gone down, he falls asleep. Quinine is almost 

 the only medicine known which is a satisfac- 

 tory remedy for ague. The best means of pre- 

 venting the disease is by exterminating the 

 mosquito in sections which are known to be 

 malarial. Special attention should be given to 

 mg their breeding places. See MALARIA. 



AGUINALDO, ah ge nahl' do, EMILJO (1870- 

 ), a notable character at the age of twenty- 

 nine, in connection with American occupation 

 of the Philippine Islands. He was the leader 

 of stubborn resistance to United States author- 

 ity, which ended only with his capture by. 

 Colonel, later Major General, Frederick 

 Funston. 



Aguinaldo had a varied career up to 1898, the 

 year the islands were occupied by American 

 forces. His parentage was unknown. He was 

 reared by a priest and received a good educa- 

 tion, intending to become a physician. Before 

 he was twenty he was obliged to leave home to 

 escape arrest, and in Hongkong learned some 

 of the methods of European warfare. For a 

 time the adventurous youth is said to have 

 served in the Chinese navy. When Dewey's 

 fleet ended Spanish authority in the Philippines, 

 he returned home, with the good intention of 

 aiding the American authorities. However, he 

 was offended because he was not recognized at 

 his own appraised value, and within a year 

 headed a very formidable revolt against the 

 Americans. His forces were driven to the 

 mountains, where for two years resistance con- 

 tinued. 



Aguinaldo was well-treated after his cap- 

 ture, became reconciled to those in authority, 

 and set a good example to his followers by 

 becoming a useful citizen. He is now prosper- 

 ous as a gentleman farmer near the city of 

 Manila. 



AGULHAS, a goo' lyas, CAPE, the southern- 

 most point of Africa, avoided by mariners be- 

 cause of the storms which frequently rage 

 around it. It is about 100 miles east and south 

 of Cape Town, and is marked by a lighthouse 

 whose beacon may be seen nearly twenty miles. 



A'HAB, the seventh king of Israel, who, in- 

 fluenced by his evil wife, Jezebel, set up the 



worship of Ha;il ami cruelly persecuted the true 

 prophets. Jezebel was so notorious that the 

 name has come to signify any sharp-tongued. 

 scheming, ungovernable female. Ahab reigned 

 from about 875 to 853 B. c., and was bitterly 

 opposed by the prophet Elijah. His history is 

 told in the last seven chapters of / Kings. 



AHASUERUS, ahazue'rus, in Bible nar- 

 rative a king of Persia, to whom the beautiful 

 Queen Esther made her appeal to save the 

 Jews from the wicked plot of Hainan. Around 

 these characters centers one of the most ap- 

 pealing stories of the Bible, found in the Book 

 of Esther. This king is thought to have been 

 Xerxes I. Ahasuerus is also a Scripture name 

 for Cambyses, the son of Cyrus (Ezra IV, 6), 

 and for Astyages, king of the Medes (Dan. 

 IX, 1). See ESTHER. 



A'HAZ, son of Jotham, was the twelfth 

 king of Judah and ruled from 736 to 728 B. c. 

 His reign was marked by a return to idolatry, 

 and at his command the Temple was plundered 

 to secure presents for Tiglath-pileser, the king 

 of Assyria, whose aid had been sought against 

 the Syrians (77 Kings, XVI). 



AiD A , ah e' da, an Italian opera composed 

 by Verdi in 1871 to celebrate the opening of the 

 grand opera house at Cairo, Egypt. Verdi 

 was chosen for this honor by Ismail Pasha, 

 the Khedive of Egypt. The scenes are laid 

 at Memphis and at Thebes, and the opera re- 

 lates the story of Ai'da, daughter of the king 

 of Ethiopia, and her lover, Radames, captain 

 of the Egyptian royal guard. The lovers pre- 

 fer death to separation, and the curtain falls 

 upon their death song in a vault beneath the 

 temple. The music is elevated and there are 

 many passages of majestic beauty. Melba, 

 Nordica and Carolina White are among the 

 great prima donnas who have sung the part of 

 A'ida. 



AID-DE-CAMP, aiddekamp', or aid-de- 

 kaN ' , an officer who serves on the staff of a gen- 

 eral, and assists him in performing his military 

 and social duties. In time of war the duties are 

 arduous and dangerous, and the successful aid 

 must be alert, resourceful and prompt. Mod- 

 ern warfare has considerably changed the duties 

 of aids-de-camp. The automobile has taken 

 the place of the horse, and the telephone and 

 telegraph facilitate the sending of orders, but 

 the duties of the aid still take him constantly 

 into the zone of danger. The position carries 

 great military and social prestige, and is eagerly 

 sought by young officers of all branches of tho 

 army. 



