ANALYSIS 244 



ing how the sentence is constructed and what 

 function is performed by each word and phrase. 

 :VH> bea --.iiiliar pi-" rcry 



child in school and is the first step in parsing 

 a sentence. The points to be covered air the 

 classification of the sentence; independent and 

 dependent clauses separately treated with 

 reference to complete subject and predicate, 

 simple subject and predicate, and modifiers of 



each. 



Type Sentence Analii-:l. "We think in words, 

 and when we lack fit words we lack fit thoughts." 



Classification: Compound, complex, declara- 

 tive sentence. 



First independent clause, We think in words. 



Second independent clause, When we lack fit 

 words we lack fit thoughts. 



The two independent clauses are connected by 

 the coordinate conjunction and. 



First independent clause : Complete subject, 

 we; complete predicate, think in words. Simple 

 subject, the personal pronoun we, unmodified ; 

 simple predicate, the intransitive verb think; 

 modified by the adverbial phrase of manner, in 

 words, words being the object of the preposi- 

 tion in. 



Second independent clause: Complete subject, 

 we; complete predicate, lack fit thoughts when 

 we lack fit words. Simple subject, the personal 

 pronoun we, unmodified ; simple predicate, the 

 transitive verb lack, modified by the adverbial 

 clause of time, when we lack fit words, and 

 completed by its object thoughts, modified by the 

 descriptive adjective fit. 



Dependent clause: Introduced by the adverb- 

 ial conjunction of time when. Complete sub- 

 ject, we; complete predicate, lack fit words. 

 Simple subject, the personal pronoun we; simple 

 predicate, the transitive verb lack, completed by 

 its object words, modified by the descriptive ad- 

 jective fit. 



Analysis is frequently recorded graphically 

 by means of a diagram. See SENTENCE, sub- 

 head Diagram of a Sentence. 



In Philosophy. If we study a subject by 

 recognizing its characteristics, we are analyzing. 

 Consider, for example, glass. It is hard, trans- 

 parent, thin and easily breakable; sand is an 

 important element in its manufacture. This 

 'is analysis, that is, distinguishing the parts or 

 characteristics of a subject. The same process 

 may be applied to any subject under dis- 

 cussion. The opposite is synthesis; for ex- 

 ample, we may say that this substance is hard, 

 transparent and easily breakable therefore 

 it is glass (see SYNTHESIS). 



In Mathematics. Euclid says that "analysis 

 is the obtaining of the thing sought by as- 

 suming it and so reasoning up to an admitted 

 truth." Analysis is of little importance in 

 elementary mathematics, all of which is done 



ANARCHISM 



by reasoning from the known to the unknown. 

 Originally all propositions in geometry, for ex- 

 ample, were solved by analysis, but now the 

 method employed is to work from an axiom, 

 or known truth, to a new and more specific 

 application. Algebra is partly, as least, ana- 

 lytic, for the solution of an algebraic -equation 

 means that unknown quantities become known. 



In Chemistry. Chemical analysis is the 

 process of separating a compound into its 

 parts. If this process is to determine what 

 elements the compound contains, it is qualita- 

 tirc r/;m///.s-*x; if it is to determine how much 

 of each element is present, it is quantitative 

 analysis. Thus by the first process we learn that 

 water is a compound of hydrogen and oxy- 

 gen, and by the second that it consists of one 

 part of hydrogen by weight to eight parts of 

 oxygen, or one part of oxygen by volume to 

 two parts of hydrogen; because of these pro- 

 portions by volume, the chemical symbol for 

 water is HoO. If the analysis shows the ele- 

 ments and the quantities in which they are 

 present the analysis is said to be ultimate, 

 that is, final. The chemist, however, may go 

 farther and try to determine in what combina- 

 tions the elements are present, and what their 

 condition is with respect to the formation of 

 combinations. This is called proximate analy- 

 sis. See CHEMISTRY; also SPECTRUM ANALY- 

 SIS. E.D.F. 



ANAM. See ANNAM. 



ANANIAS, anani' as, a Bible character 

 whose name has come to be used as a syn- 

 onym for the word liar. He was a member of 

 the early Church at Jerusalem, and with his 

 wife Sapphira was struck dead for having pre- 

 tended that he was bringing the whole price 

 of his newly sold land to the Church treas- 

 ury, when in reality he was keeping part for 

 his own use (Acts V, 1-10). 



ANARCHISM, an'arkizm, a philosophy or 

 theory of life which would free the individual 

 from every form of restraint or compulsion 

 whether political, religious or social. Unfortu- 

 nately this theory has sometimes led to vio- 

 lence and murder. Men of weak intellect, 

 unable to see that the death of a king or a 

 president could not change the social order, 

 have murdered rulers and paid the penalty 

 with their own lives. In popular language, 

 therefore, anarchism is almost synonymous with 

 disorder of every kind. But the philosophical 

 anarchist refuses to acknowledge any connec- 

 tion with men who resort to crime in their 

 attempts to overthrow the present form of 



