ANGLO-SAXONS 



258 



ANGORA 



ural or artificial. Grasshoppers, worms and 

 minnows are good bait in trout-fishing, while 

 crawfish, small frogs and minnows are best for 

 bass. The artificial flies so much us. -.1 in 

 angling for trout and salmon are made of hairs, 

 furs and wools of every variety, mingled with 

 pieces of feathers and secured together by 

 plaited wire, gold and silver tlm-ad. marking 

 silk or wax. The wings may be made of the 

 feathers of domestic fowls, or any others of 

 a showy color. Some angling authorities rec- 

 ommend that the artificial flies should be 

 made to resemble as closely as possible the 

 insects on which the fish is wont to feed, but 

 experience has shown that the most conspicu- 

 ous and unnatural combinations of feather and 

 fur have been often successful where the most 

 artistic imitations have failed. Artificial min- 

 nows and spoon-shaped pieces of metal are 

 also used by way of bait, and are so contrived 

 as to spin rapidly when drawn through the 

 water in order to attract the notice of the fish. 

 Angling, especially with the fly, demands a 

 great deal of skill and practice. 



Open and Closed Season. The true angler, 

 who fishes for love of the sport, is not the 

 one against whom the fish must be protected, 

 but there are persons who are anglers merely 

 in outward appearance, persons who would, if 

 unrestrained, exterminate all game fish. Nearly 

 every state and province now protects its fish 

 by a closed season, during which it is illegal 

 to fish. The closed season varies with the 

 habits of the fish and the location of the fish- 

 ing grounds. As a general rule, spawning time 

 is a closed season, extending from April to 

 June or July. In many states and provinces 

 fishing is also illegal during the winter months, 

 and non-residents who desire to fish are nearly 

 always required to pay a small license fee 

 ranging from one to five dollars. The laws 

 on this subject are so varied that the angler 

 should find out for himself just which ones 

 apply to the locality in which he wishes to 

 fish. H.K.S. 



ANGLO-SAXONS, ang' glo sax' uns, the 

 ancestors of most of the English-speaking 

 peoples, a race formed by the union of the 

 German tribes who settled in Britain in the 

 fifth and sixth centuries after Christ. The 

 most important of these were the Angles, Sax- 

 ons and Jutes. The Jutes, the earliest comers, 

 left their original settlements in the regions 

 about the mouths of the Elbe and the Weser, 

 and took possession of Kent, the Isle of Wight 

 and the opposite coast of Hampshire. They 



were followed by the Saxons, who had inhab- 

 ited the regions along the Haltie Sea. and by 

 the Angles, who came from the territory in 

 North Germany between the North and the 

 Haltie seas. 



Before the end of the sixth century the 

 Angles had conquered Southeastern Scotland 

 and Kastern and Middle England; the Jutes 

 were in possession of Kent and the Isle of 

 Wight, and the Saxons held the remainder of 

 Southern England west to Devonshire and 

 Wales. The conquests of the Angles were t In- 

 most extensive, and from them England, "land 

 of the Angles," took its name. The various 

 kingdoms established by these conquerors 

 were united into one state in 827 by Egbert, 

 king of Wessex. Athelstan, who came to the 

 throne in 925, was the first monarch to use the 

 title "king of England." Many modern Eng- 

 lish terms, such as earl, alderman and sheriff, 

 are derived from Anglo-Saxon institutions. 

 See ENGLAND, subhead History; also, ANGLES. 



ANGOLA, ang go' la, a Portuguese posses- 

 sion with an area of 500,000 square miles, is 

 situated on the southwestern coast of Africa. 

 Loanda, the principal town, was long the great 

 Portuguese slave market. This trade was 



ANGOLA 



Its territory is marked in black. The area is 

 nearly twice as lar^e as Texas or the great 

 province of Alberta. 



abolished by law in 1836 but was continued 

 for many years after that date, in the interior, 

 where men were captured and sold as recently 

 as the beginning of the nineteenth century. 

 The chief exports of Angola are ivory, palm 

 oil, coffee, fish, gum, wax and cotton. Popu- 

 lation, about 4,000,000. 



ANGORA, anfjr/o'ra, a very old town in 

 Asiatic Turkey, capital of the province of the 



