APALACHICOLA 290 



slant ly raiding the white settlements as well 

 weaker Indian tribes on both sides of 

 the Mexican borders. 



Their feelings towards the United States 

 were not unfriendly until after the Mexican 

 War, when several unprovoked attacks on them 

 led to a change of attitude. There was hos- 

 tility of varying degrees until 1860, when war- 

 riors of a number of the Apache tribes went 

 on the warpath. Except in the neighborhood 

 of Tucson, they practically drove the white 

 men out of Arizona in the next five or six 

 years. In 1886 several bands of Apaches, prin- 

 cipally of the Chiricahua tribe, went on the 

 warpath for thelast time. After causing much 

 loss of life and property they were captured, 

 and their leader, Geronimo (Spanish for 

 Jerome), and many others were imprisoned. 

 Most of the Apaches now live on reservations 

 in Arizona and New Mexico, but a band of 

 about 270 Chiricahua are in Oklahoma. They 

 make excellent baskets, and on the whole 

 have taken kindly to the white man's civiliza- 

 tion. Their total number is about 5,000. See 

 INDIANS, AMERICAN. 



The Paris Apaches. The Apache Indians 

 were a brave, warlike people, but judged by 

 civilized standards they were often merciless 

 robbers and murderers. To be taken prisoner 

 by the Apaches meant torture and almost 

 certain death, and in the books written by 

 white men the Apache was a bad Indian. For 

 some reason this name was transferred to the 

 underworld of Paris, where the thieves and 

 cutthroats, in loosely-organized bands, are 

 proud to be Apaches. E.S.C. 



APALACHICOLA, ap a latch i ko ' la, or AP- 

 PALACHICOLA, a river formed by the union 

 of the Chattahoochee and Flint rivers at the 

 southwest border of Georgia. It flows through 

 Florida in a southerly direction for ninety 

 miles, and enters the Gulf of Mexico through 

 Apalachicola Bay. It is navigable throughout 

 its course for large steamboats and is impor- 

 tant in the transportation of the products of 

 the neighboring region, chiefly fruit and cotton, 

 to the sea for distribution to the markets of 

 the world. The town of Apalachicola is sit- 

 uated on the Gulf of Mexico at the mouth of 

 this river. 



APE, the animal that is most like a man. 

 The gorilla, the orang-utan, the chimpanzee, 

 and most of the monkeys are properly termed 

 apes, but not the lemur, the loris, the aye-aye 

 or others which bear more resemblance to the 

 lower orders of mammals than to man. 



APELLES 



The principal differences in make-up between 

 apes and men are matters of proportion. Both 



THE APE 



have practically the same organs, muscles and 

 nerves, but the ape has longer arms, shorter 

 legs, a square jaw and a thicker skull, a 

 thumbed foot which can do the work of a 

 hand and a spinal column which does not 

 curve at the base and sometimes is prolonged 

 into a tail. The ape's brain is much smaller 

 than man's though many of the gorillas and 

 orang-utans are larger and more powerful than 

 man. Except for the face, the palms of the 

 hands and the soles of the feet, an ape's body 

 is covered with coarse black or brown hair. 

 Its diet consists largely of fruits, and its home 

 is built on a rude platform constructed in the 

 trees of the tropical forests. All species of 

 apes and monkeys are so imitative that the 

 expression to ape, meaning to imitate, has 

 become quite common. See CHIMPANZEE; GO- 

 RILLA; ORANG-UTAN; GIBBON; BABOON; MON- 

 KEY. 



APELLES, apel'leez, the most famous 

 Greek painter of ancient times. He was born 

 in the fourth century B. c., probably at Colo- 

 phon in Asia Minor. He became the close 

 friend of Alexander the Great, and his portrait 

 of the latter, with the thunderbolt in his hand, 

 is celebrated. Apelles used to place himself 

 behind a picture in the public exhibitions, in 

 order to hear the criticisms of the common 

 people. His pictures were simple and natural, 

 and his coloring delicate and beautiful. Lucian, 

 a Greek writer of the second century A. D., 

 wrote a description of the paintings of Apelles 

 that inspired many later artists. 



