ARIZONA 



358 



ARIZONA 



are employed in the copper-mining industry. 

 See COPPER. 



in importance is gold, but this is by 

 no means a close second, the annual output 

 being valued at slightly more than $4,000,000. 

 Silver, larp-ly obtained as a by-product in the 

 smelting of copper, attains a value between 

 two and three million dollars; lead and zinc 

 are also produced. 9 



Manufactures. For the most part the manu- 

 facturing operations are connected very closely 

 with the mining, copper-smelting and refining 

 being the most important. The products of 

 this industry are worth about twice those of 

 all the other industries combined. The state 

 has flour and grist mills, lumber mills and car 

 shops, and while these are of no great im- 

 portance now, nearly all of them are growing. 



Arizona has certain manufactures which are 

 characteristic and of great interest to visitors. 

 These are the baskets, pottery, rugs and blan- 

 kets made by the various Indian tribes. When 

 a train on one of the great trans-continental 

 railroads arrives at a station, there is to be seen 

 squatted on the ground a row of stolid squaws, 

 each with her heap of handiwork. They have 

 learned well how to bargain, and no longer 

 sell their wares for the small sums which used 

 to satisfy them. 



Transportation. Two transcontinental lines 

 of railway, the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe 

 and the Southern Pacific, cross the state, the 

 former in the northern part, the latter in the 

 southern. Of the 2,345 miles of railroad in 

 the state, the Santa Fe has 978, the Southern 

 Pacific 537. A line known as the Santa Fe, 

 Prescott and Phoenix connects the two main 

 lines, passing through Phoenix and Prescott, 

 two of the chief cities, and various branch lines 



lead to other important towns and to the 

 Grand Canyon of the Colorado. 



The state has little river transportation, only 

 the Colorado River on its western border being 

 navigable. 



Educational and Other Institutions. Despite 

 its scattered population, Arizona maintains a 

 well-organized school system, and has com- 

 pulsory education laws. Public school lands 

 of great extent furnish a permanent fund, but 



RAILROADS 



(a) Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe, (&) South- 

 ern Pacific. 



local taxation is necessary also. Free text- 

 books are supplied, and there is a teachers' 

 pension fund. Of nearly 60,000 persons of 

 school age (six to twenty years) in the state 

 in 1915, over 32,500 were actually attending 



