ARIZONA 362 



Boundary disputes with every neighboring 



ami the extreme dryness 

 soil made development slow for a time, 

 but after 1896 the Indians were quiet, while 

 irrigation schemes made possible the cultiva- 

 tion of more and more land. 



Admission as a State. As early as 1891 the 

 territory, sparsely settled as it was, began to 

 agitate for admission to the Union as a state, 

 but its petitions were denied. In 1905 and 1906, 

 Congress passed bills favoring the admission 

 /ona and New Mexico as one state, but 

 the vote of the former defeated the plan. 

 Finally, in 1910 an enabling act for the ad- 

 mission of the two separate territories was 

 passed, and an Arizona convention prepared a 

 constitution. This radical document included 

 ;on for the recall of judges, and because 

 of this clause President Taft refused to assent 

 to the admission of the state. Congress, which 

 had passed its resolution authorizing the admis- 

 sion, then passed a new one, making admission 

 constitutional on the elimination of the recall 

 clause. Later in 1911 the people voted to make 

 the change, and the proclamation of Arizona's 

 statehood was signed in 1912. In that same 

 year an amendment to the constitution legal- 

 ized the recall of all elective officers, and pro- 

 vided for woman's suffrage. Thus, although 

 the newest of American states, in its provisions 

 for the recall and by adopting full suffrage for 

 women and abolishing the liquor traffic Arizona 

 stands in the front rank of progressive com- 

 monwealths. 



Other Items of Interest. Arizona shares with 

 New Mexico the distinction of being the 

 youngest state, but was a territory before either 

 Oklahoma, Wyoming, Idaho, or Montana. 



Though the great Roosevelt Dam is pri- 

 marily for irrigation, it supplies the power 

 which generates electric light for the city of 

 Phoenix. 



Several of the counties of Arizona have 

 well-known Indian names: Apache, Gila, Mari- 

 copa, Mohave, Navajo, Pima, Yavapai and 

 Yuma are names of tribes and Cochise was a 

 famous Apache chief. Of the other five coun- 

 ties three have Spanish names, Coconino, Pinal 

 and Santa Cruz, and only two, Graham and 

 Greenlee, have English names. 



Near Flagstaff is the observatory of the 

 astronomer Percival Lowell, known for his dis- 

 coveries relating to the planet Mars. 



The United States government still owns 

 36,000,000 acres of land in Arizona, more than 

 half of which is as yet unsurveyed. Only in 



ARIZONA 



Nevada is there more land not reserved for a 

 special purpose. 



The Geological Survey estimates that there 

 are fourteen billions of tons of bituminous coal 

 in Arizona, none of which has been mined. 



In the Canyon de Chelly, in the northeastern 

 part of the state, are ruins of a rock fortress 

 of the cliff-dwelling ancestors of the modern 

 Indians. In the Rio Verde Valley, and in a 

 canyon near Flagstaff, are caves excavated in 

 the cliffs by an even more primitive race. 



When Arizona had 9,658 people in 1870, New 

 Mexico contained 91,874, and Nevada 42,491. 

 Now Arizona has about five inhabitants for 

 every eight in New Mexico and every two 

 in Nevada. 



The total copper output of Europe and 

 Africa combined, or of Asia and Australia, or 

 of Mexico and Central and South America does 

 not equal that of Arizona. 



East of the Painted Desert is the land of the 

 Moki, or Hopi, Indians; whose snake dance is 

 celebrated. 



Nevada and California are the only states 

 which spend more* money than Arizona for the 

 education of each child attending the public 

 schools. 



There are five states which have the usual 

 two Senators, but only one Representative. 

 Arizona is one of them. 



In their first vote for President, in 1912, the 

 people of Arizona cast more ballots for the 

 Socialist party than for the Republicans, the 

 next party in numerical strength. O.B. 



Related Subjects. The following articles will 

 help the reader to gain a more detailed knowl- 

 edge of the state of Arizona: 



Phoenix 

 Prescott 



Apache 

 Mohave 



Rocky 

 Colorado 



Alfalfa 

 Cattle 



CITIES AND TOWNS 



Tucson 



INDIAN TRIBES 



Moki 

 Navajo 



MOUNTAINS 

 RIVERS 



Gila 



LEADING PRODUCTS 



Copper 

 Wool 



UNCLASSIFIED 



Arizona, University of Irrigation 

 Grand Canyon 



Consult Hamilton's Resources of Arizona; 

 De Long's History of Arizona. 



