ARNOLD 



ceived a fair education, and in 1762 went to 

 New Haven, where he conducted a book and 

 drug store, and later engaged in trade with 

 the West Indies. At the outbreak of the 

 Revolution he entered the army, and after 

 the Battle of Lexington was sent to lead an 

 expedition for the capture of Crown Point 

 and Ticonderoga. On his way thither he met 

 Ethan Allen with a company of soldiers devoted 

 to the same purpose and after Allen had taken 

 Ticonderoga, Arnold captured Saint John's. 

 In the autumn of the same year Washington 

 sent Arnold with 1,000 men to assist in captur- 

 ing Quebec, and after his juncture with Gen- 

 eral Montgomery a combined attack was made. 

 The American army was defeated, Montgomery 

 was killed, and Arnold's leg was fractured. 

 Congress promoted him to the rank of briga- 

 dier-general for his bravery in this campaign, 

 and he showed that public confidence was not 

 misplaced by his conduct during a naval battle 

 on Lake Champlain in 1776. 



In 1777 Congress appointed five major-gen- 

 erals for the army, all of whom were Arnold's 

 juniors. He was stung by this injustice, and 

 Washington wrote to assure him that he would 

 endeavor to remedy "the error"; but when his 

 claims were presented Congress voted him 

 thanks, but did not promote him. In tin 

 same year Washington urged Congress to sr 

 Arnold north to head off General Burp 

 Arnold consented to serve, and fulfi' 

 part in the campaign faithfully. I 

 General Schuyler and led an ey 

 relieve Fort Stanwix, which 

 a force of British and Ind ; 

 turned to the main army a 

 decisive battle of Saratog 

 received from Arnold the 

 which forced his SUIT 

 received credit for th, 

 BATTLES or). Soon i 

 him his commission a 

 In 1778 he was apt 

 of IM.il.nl, Iphia. He 

 rels with the autho 

 was tried by court- 

 of intentional WP 

 respects his conr* 

 The sentence v 

 a reprimand f 

 Washington <li 

 siderable relud 

 but the ambit 

 endurance. I 

 command at 



387 



ARNOLD 



plan to surrender it to Clinton, with whom he 

 had earlier had correspondence. His treachery 

 became known through the capture of Major 

 Andre, and Arnold escaped to New York City. 

 He was given a British brigadier-general's com- 

 mission and about $30,000 for losses he claimed 

 to have suffered by joining the British. F^ 

 remained in America a year, and led 

 British expeditions which resulted in t' 

 ing of Richmond, Va., and New Lonr' 

 In England, which was thereaftf 

 he was kindly received by Ki' 

 but met only scorn from the 

 cal world. He failed to ob 

 in the army, and spent nv 

 years as a merchant in ' 

 His wife, faithful thr 

 cheered his last dayr 

 with debt, discoura 

 society. 



Consult Todd'f 

 Spark's Life of 



ARNOLD, ' 

 lish author 

 Light of 

 years 



to"' 



