ATHENS 



455 



ATHENS 



and, later, mosques. During the seige of Athens 

 by the Venetians in 1687 the Parthenon was 

 used by the Turks as a powder magazine, and 

 was greatly damaged by an explosion. 



The Modern City. Clustered about the foot 

 of the Acropolis there lies the so-called Old 

 City, a remnant left from the dreary days *. 

 before the revival of Athens in 1835; and in 

 a great crescent about it spreads the new city, 

 with it.s broad boulevards radiating from the 

 central Square of Harmony, and its handsome 

 public buildings. Of these structures the most 

 magnificent is the royal palace, a structure of 

 Pentelic "marble which stands in a beautiful, 

 ucll-kept park somewhat apart from the city. 

 The National Archaeological Museum, which 

 houses an unsurpassed collection of antiquities; 

 the House of Parliament; the National Li- 

 brary and the National University also have 

 noteworthy buildings, while the Stadium, re- 

 stored through the generosity of an Alex- 

 andrian Greek, has attracted the interest of all 

 the athletic world. 



Though Athens has excellent schools and a 

 National University with about 2,500 students, 

 ancient Athens so far outweighs the modern 

 city in public interest that it is for its archaeo- 

 logical schools that the city is most generally 



ATHENS 



Outline and Questions on 

 Athens 



I. Ancient Athena 



(1) Its beauties 



(a) Location 



(b) Acropolis 



(c) Parthenon 



(d) Erechtheum 



(e) Theseum 



(f) Other buildings 



(2) History 



(a) Legendary period 



(b) Government by archons 



(c) Legislation of Draco 



(d) Legislation of Solon 



(e) The tyrants 



(f) Democracy established 



(g) Persian wars 

 (h) Age of Pericles 

 (i) Peloponnesian War 

 (j) Roman rule 



II. Modern Athena 



(1) Appearance 



(a) The old city 



(b) Streets and buildings 



(c) Institutions 



(d) Industrial Life 



(e) Population 



(2) History 



(a) Under Turkish rule 



(b) Capital of new kingdom 



(c) Olympic games 



(d) Archeological investigations 



LOCATION OF ATHENS 



port 



d I'Y 



ish and I'Y.'iH-h allied forces In September, 1916, 

 in the War of the Nations. 



noted. Thesr. \\ln<h include tin- American 

 School of Classical Studies, maintained am! 

 supported by the uni very ties of the Un 

 States, the French and British schools and tin- 

 German Archaeological InMitute. n>mhin- in- 

 struction with investigation, and have made 

 discoveries and restorations of great importance. 

 Though the financial center of Greece, 

 Athens has few manufactures and engages only 

 m domestic trade. Rugs, silks, scarfs, brass 

 and copper ware such articles as the tourist 



Questions 



In what way did Athens retain Its 

 supremacy for centuries after it lost 

 its independence? 



What state, through jealousy, 

 brought about the downfall of aneimt 

 Athens? 



In what way is it evident In the 

 At lions of to-day that the ancient city 

 Is of more Importance than the mod- 

 ern? 



i was the period of greatest 



What geographic relation does the 

 modern city bear to what remains of 

 the old city? 



;i was the most beautiful build- 

 ing in the world used as a powder 

 magazine? 



What was the dlflVi 

 laws of Draco and those of Solon? 

 What spot In ancient Athens wan 

 cted with a dramatic event In 

 Bible history? 



was the original purpose of the 

 Acropolis? 



