ATHENS 





ATHERTON 



loves to bring back with him from his visit 



most important manufactures. Its pop- 



ulation, wi. ; nod of greatness 



;>osed to have been about 200,000 but 



which shrank, quite gradually, during tin- Mid- 



103 to a few thousands, was, in 1907, 



A.MCC. 



Further Information on the relations of Athens 

 to Greece Is given in tin- article GREK^K. subhead 

 History. Consult I'.utl-i-'s The &tort/ of A thins; 

 (Jarclm-r's Audi nt A t> 



ATHENS, GA., an important seat of learning 

 leading cotton market, with a pop- 

 ulation. lart:< ly American, of 16,900 in 1914, 

 an increase of 2,087 since 1910. It is situated 

 in Clarke County, of which it is the county 

 seat, in the northeastern part of the state, on 

 the Oconee River. Atlanta is seventy-three 

 . Macon is 105 miles south, 

 and Augusta 114 miles southeast. Its rail- 

 roads are the Georgia, constructed to the city 

 in 1841, the Central of Georgia, built in 1888, 

 the Gainesville Midland (1906) and the Sea- 

 board Air Line (1891). The founding of the 

 city in 1801 was due to a grant of 600 acres of 

 land to the state by John Milledge to establish 

 a "seat of learning." The University of 

 Georgia was the first state university founded 

 in America (see GEORGIA, UNIVERSITY OF). The 

 f the city is about seven square miles. 



In its own territory, Athens is known as the 

 ' </of the South, on account of its 

 educational institutions. It is located at the 

 foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains, about 

 -five feet above the river and sur- 

 rounded by picturesque scenery. This location 

 is in the heart of a rich agricultural region 

 that produces fruit, grain and an abundance 

 of cotton. Athens is the second largest cotton 

 market in the state and its industries are 

 largely engaged in the manufacture of this 

 product. Kight cotton mills and one cotton-oil 

 refinery employ a large number of people; 

 besides these, there are two oil mills, one 

 sulphuric acid plant and three fertilizing plants. 

 The buildings worthy of note are the $115,000 

 Federal building, completed in 1911, the S250 ,000 

 Insurance building, built in 1907, the $150,000 

 Georgian Hotel, the $175,000 Holman building, 

 the $200,000 county courthouse, built in 1914, 

 and an $80,000 city hall. Besides the state 

 university, with the Peabody Library, there are 

 the state normal school, with a Carnegie 

 Library, the state college of agriculture, the 

 Lucy Cobb Institute, the Knox Institute, the 

 Jeruel Academy and two high schools. C.H.D. 



ATHENS, OHIO, the county seat of Athens 

 County and an industrial and educational een- 

 Mtuated in the southeastern part of the 

 state, seventy-live miles southwest of Colum- 

 bus. It is on the Hocking River and on tin- 

 Halt imore & Ohio Southwestern, the Toledo A.- 

 Ohio Central and the Hocking Valley railroads. 

 Athens is an important coal-mining center and 

 has lumber and brick plants. Prominent 

 features of the city are the Ohio University. 

 opened in 1804, a state hospital for the insane 

 and a Carnegie Library. The place was settled 

 in 1797 and incorporated in 1811. Its popula- 

 tion in 1910 was 5,463. 



ATHENS OF "AMERICA, THE, or THE MOD- 

 ERN ATHKNS, a name applied to Boston, Mass., 

 at the time when the city was the foremost 

 literary center of America. The names of 

 Longfellow, Holmes, Lowell and other noted 

 writers are forever associated with the place, 

 and it still has a claim to the title as a center 

 of art, music and education. 



ATHERTON, GERTRUDE FRANKLIN (1857- 

 ), an American novelist, a great-grand- 

 niece of Benjamin Franklin, and one of the 

 most alert, independent and forceful of the 

 modern group of American writers. She was 

 born in San Francisco and educated in Califor- 

 nia and Kentucky. Mrs. Atherton's novels 

 show a surprising range of background and 

 material. Sometimes the scenes are laid in 

 her native state, as in The Calijornians and 

 Ancestors; Aristocrats is a story of the Adiron- 

 dacks; Senator North gives a brilliant picture 

 of the social and political life of the nation's 

 capital; Patience Sparhawk, written in a vein 

 of satire, presents life in New York and West- 

 chester County. The Conqueror, the only one 

 of her stories which claims to be a historical 

 novel, is based on the life and character of 

 Alexander Hamilton, and is the only effort at 

 historical writing ever made by her. 



Mrs. Atherton is deeply interested in modern 

 social problems, in the democratic movement 

 of the times, and in the struggle for woman's 

 rights; these interests are reflected in her 

 novels. She has a broad outlook on life, and 

 views all of its phases with the clear, far-seeing 

 eye of the realist. Her independence makes 

 her scornful of accepted literary rules, and she 

 has her own methods of style, construction of 

 plot and manner of telling a story. This 

 independence is so dominant in her writing 

 that critics call her an "intellectual anarchist." 

 Her latest novels are Tower of Ivory and 

 Julia France and Her Times. 



