AUSTRIA-HUNGARY 



502 



AUSTRIA-HUNGARY 



B 



| Former AustriartTerri 

 | Former Hungarianlerritory 



AUSTRIA-HUNGARY AS IT WAS; AUSTRIA AND HUNGARY AS THEY ARE 

 The shaded portions show the extent of the dual monarchy before the war ; the black portions 



include the territory now left to the two countries. 

 by the League of Nations. 



monarchy to expect severe penalties in their 

 case. Indeed, what the entente demanded had 

 in great measure already become accomplished 

 facts in the new independent states. 



The terms presented to the Austrians are 

 summarized as follows: 



(1) Complete acceptance of decisions relating 

 to disposition of territory. 



(2) Recognition of the independence of Hun- 

 gary, Czecho-Slovakia and Jugo-Slavia. 



(3) Recognition of the independence of all 

 Russian territory and respect for its independ- 

 ence. 



(4) Agreement to accept all principles of the 

 covenant of the League of Nations, although 

 not to be admitted as a member of the League. 



(5) Complete demobilization of all land, 

 naval and aerial forces. 



(6) Recognition of the right of the allied and 

 associated powers to try those guilty of viola- 

 tions of military laws during the war. 



(7) Agree to make compensation for all dam- 

 ages arising from personal injury to civilians 

 caused by acts of war, including aerial bom- 

 bardments. 



Disposition of eastern section to be determined 



(8) Assure complete protection of life and 

 liberty to all its inhabitants. 



(9) Agree not to impose the slightest restric- 

 tions on the use of any language. 



(10) Abandon all claims for damages. 



The Old Dual Monarchy. Physical Character- 

 istics. The physiography of the former dual 

 monarchy should be described here, even though 

 the country has been divided into various inde- 

 pendent political groups. Articles in these vol- 

 umes relating to the new countries do not 

 describe surface features; a better knowledge 

 of configuration can be obtained from the wider 

 descriptions which appear below. It will also 

 be of interest for many years to know of the 

 material progress of the former historic mon- 

 archy, and the facts of industrial life cannot be 

 clearly comprehended if examined apart from 

 physical features. 



The Land and Its Waterways. This second 

 largest of European states as it existed until the 

 end of the war had the shortest coast line of any 

 of the large countries of the continent, and it 

 was entirely lacking in colonial possessions, two 

 facts which admit of correlation. 



