BANDICOOT 



571 



BANFF 



That is, the bandage is doubled back upon itself 

 when it is necessary to adjust it to the enlarg- 

 ing or tapering parts of the limb (see dia- 

 gram c). 



A figure 8 bandage, the turns of which cross 

 each other in such a manner as to resemble 

 the figure 8, is sometimes used instead of the 

 reverse spiral in bandaging the extremities, and 

 is especially valuable in giving support to the 

 joints. Diagram d shows a figure 8 bandage 

 applied to the lower part of the leg. The recur- 

 rent bandage is one in which a series of turns 

 are passed back and forth across the injured 

 part, each turn overlapping the other one-half 

 its width, and the ends being secured by a cir- 

 cular turn around them. This form of bandage 

 is used chiefly in keeping dressings in place on 

 the ends of the fingers and toes and on the 

 head (see diagram e). 



Important among the special bandages is the 

 spica, which is based on the figure 8. This is a 

 bandage which passes successive turns and 

 crosses from an extremity to the trunk, as 

 shown in diagram /. It receives its name from 

 its resemblance to a spike of barley. The 

 four-tailed is a special bandage extremely use- 

 ful in keeping poultices in place; diagram </ 

 shows such a bandage applied to the head. 

 This consists of a piece of cloth eight inches 

 wide, and long enough to go over the scalp and 

 in beneath the chin. It is cut in the middle 

 from each end to within four or five inches of 

 the center, two ends being tied under the chin 

 and two behind the neck. 



The soldiers of the German army are pro- 

 vided with packets containing large hand- 

 kerchiefs which are used in cases of emergency 

 as triangular bandages or slings, and also as 

 short spiral bandages when folded lengthwise. 

 These are also carried by members of ambu- 

 lance corps and "first-aid-to-the-injured" so- 

 cieties. B.M.\s 



BANDICOOT, ban'dikoot, a curious animal 

 common in Australia, combining some of tin 

 characteristics of 

 the kangaroo, 

 rabbit and rat. 

 It has ears lik* ,t 

 rabbit, tail like a 

 rat and, like the 

 kangaroo, tin- f - 

 male has a pouch 

 in wh ich the 

 young are carried. 



tables and insects BANDICOOT 



and does great damage to gardens and growing 

 crops. In some parts of Australia it is called 

 the native rabbit. 



Bandicoot Rat. This is the largest known 

 species of rat, often exceeding a foot in length, 

 It is a native -of India and Ceylon, in which 

 countries its flesh is considered a great delicacy. 

 When roasted, it resembles young pork. The 

 bandicoot rat does not hibernate, but consid- 

 erable stores of rice and other grain have been 

 found in its burrows. Feeding only at night, it 

 lives on vegetables, grains and roots, and is 

 very destructive to gardens. 



BANDIT, or BRIGAND, brig' and, one of a 

 band of robbers or highwaymen living in 

 secluded spots or in mountains, around some of 

 whom many thrilling tales have been woven. 

 Because of the violent, plundering ways of the 

 hired soldiers who held the city of Paris in 1358, 

 during the imprisonment of King John, the 

 name was first applied to them. 



Robin Hood, the gallant, liberal, reverent 

 outlaw of song and story is the most celebrated 

 brigand in British history. Later came Dick 

 Turpin, the cattle thief. For years, in Ger- 

 many, the so-called robber barons held the 

 southern part of the country at their mercy. 

 Spain has always been a particularly favorable 

 field for bandits. Don Jose Maria, a prin- 

 cipal character in Merimee's Carmen, is prob- 

 ably the most famous. In Italy, Fra Diavolo, 

 the cruel bandit monk, practiced his profession. 

 In recent times brigandage has taken the form 

 of kidnaping and holding for ransom. In 1901 

 Miss Ellen Stone and her companion were kid- 

 naped in Macedonia; the United States paid 

 the ransom for their release. It is now plain 

 that these brigands were the close allies, if not 

 the paid agents, of the famous Macedonian 

 committee, which is seeking to secure the inde- 

 pendence of the country, and used this method 

 of securing funds. 



In the United States and Canada brigandage 

 has taken the form chiefly of train and stage 

 coach robberies, especially in the passes of the 

 Rocky Mountains. The most famous of all 

 American brigands was Jesse James, the dar- 

 ing central figure of many stories for boys. See 

 ROBIN Hooo. 



BANFF, banf, ALTA., one of the most famous 

 summer and winter resorts in America. It lies 

 at an altitude of 4,500 feet, at the southeastern 

 end of Rocky Mountains Park, and is visited 

 each year by thousands of tourists who come to 

 see the Canadian Rockies. The scenery in the 

 vicinity of Banff is declared by many critics 



