BARRON 



602 



BARTLETT 



acting as solicitor. In the United States the 

 word barrister is now seldom, if ever, used. 

 In its place the phrase "Attorney and Coun- 

 sellor-at-Law" is common, and in general 

 speech a member of the legal profession is 

 roughly described as a lawyer. 



BARRON, JAMES (1769-1851), a commodore 

 in the United States navy who came promi- 

 nently into public notice during the critical 

 period before the War of 1812. In 1807, while 

 commanding the Chesapeake, he was chal- 

 lenged by the captain of the British frigate 

 Leopard, who demanded the surrender of sev- 

 eral American sailors accused of being British 

 deserters (see IMPRESSMENT OF SEAMEN). Bar- 

 ren's refusal to obey this demand was met by 

 a broadside from the Leopard's guns, which 

 killed three and wounded eighteen of the 

 Chesapeake's-crew. Barren thereupon hauled 

 down the American flag and surrendered the 

 suspected men, for which act he was court- 

 martialed and suspended from rank and pay 

 for five years. At the end of that term he 

 was placed on shore duty. In 1820 Barren 

 killed Commodore Decatur in a duel in which 

 he himself was seriously wounded. 



BAR'RYMORE, the name of a family of 

 actors who represent the highest traditions of 

 their profession. They are the children of 

 Maurice Barrymore and Georgie Drew-Barry- 

 more, and John Drew is their uncle. 



Ethel Barrymore (1879- ), in private life 

 MRS. RUSSELL GRISWOLD COLT, was born in 

 Philadelphia. Since 1895, when she first ap- 

 peared on the stage, she has been successful. 

 In 1897 she was engaged by Sir Henry Irving, 

 the English actor, and as a member of his 

 company appeared in many important parts. 

 In 1910 she was starred in Captain Jinks and 

 has since had ample opportunity to reveal the 

 diversity of her talent in many plays, such as 

 A Doll's House, Alice-Sit-by-the-Fire, Cousin 

 Kate, Mid-Channel, The Shadow and Our Mrs. 

 McChesney. Miss Barrymore's personality and 

 accomplishments have made her a favorite. 



John Barrymore (1882- ), began his pro- 

 fessional career in Chicago in 1903. Since 

 then he has creditably upheld his family's repu- 

 tation and has proved his versatility in varied 

 roles, including leading parts in The Boys of 

 Company B, Miss Civilization, A Stubborn 

 Cinderella, The Fortune Hunter and many 

 other plays. In 1915 he was engaged as leading 

 man with the Famous Players Film Company, 

 and became a favorite with patrons of moving 

 picture theaters. 



Lionel Barrymore, brother of Ethel and John 

 Barrymore, is well-known both on the stage and 

 as an actor in moving pictures. He mado In- 

 first appearance on the stage in 1893 and lias 

 played in Arizona, The Second in Command, 

 The Best of Friends and The Other Girl. 



BARTER, the exchange of one article for 

 another without the medium of money. Among 

 uncivilized people or in places remote from 

 active commerce, barter has always been car- 

 ried on. Natives of Africa and the islands of 

 the south seas, following the custom of people 

 of primitive times, are readily induced to 

 barter such things as they possess in exchange 

 for weapons, ornaments, cloth or food stuffs, 

 which have definite value to them. When 

 money is shown to them it has no specific 

 meaning, for they cannot relate it to their 

 experiences, but they do sense at once the 

 value, to them, of a piece of merchandise. 



BARTHOLDI , bahr tol dee ' , FREDERICK 

 AUGUSTE, a great French sculptor, whose life 

 story is summarized under the title LIBERTY, 

 STATUE OF. 



BARTHOLOMEW, bahr thol' o mew, the 

 Apostle of whom Jesus said : "Behold an 

 Israelite indeed, in whom there is no guile." 

 Bartholomew is probably the same person as 

 Nathanael, mentioned in the Gospel of Saint 

 John as one of the first of the Disciples. 

 Although there are many traditions concerning 

 Bartholomew, such as his carrying the Gospel 

 to India, but little is actually known of him. 



BARTHOLOMEW'S DAY, SAINT. See 

 SAINT BARTHOLOMEW'S DAY, MASSACRE OF. 



BART 'LETT, PAUL WAYLAND (1865- ), 

 an American sculptor, who first exhibited in 

 the Paris Salon at the remarkably early age of 

 fourteen. He was born at New Haven, Conn., 

 and grew up in an artistic atmosphere, his 

 father having been a sculptor and art critic. 

 After studying in Boston he went to Paris, 

 where in 1880 he entered the School of Fine 

 Arts. Seven years later he attracted wide atten- 

 tion by his Bear Tamer, shown at the Salon; 

 his Ghost Dancer, first viewed at the World's 

 Columbian Exposition, showed astonishing 

 skill. His later notable works include a statue 

 of General Joseph Warren in Boston, an eques- 

 trian statue of General McClellan, and an 

 equestrian statue of Lafayette, in Paris, pre- 

 sented to France by the school children of the 

 United States. For the Congressional Library 

 at Washington he produced a statue of Colum- 

 bus and one of Michelangelo, and for the 

 central entrance of the New York Public Li- 



