BONDED WAREHOUSE 



809 



BONE 



During these years he was conspicuous in 

 diplomacy. In 1890 he negotiated the Bond- 

 Blaine reciprocity agreement with the United 

 States, but the treaty was rejected by- the Brit- 

 ish government at the request of Sir John A. 

 Macdonald, Premier of Canada. He was one 

 of the Newfoundland delegates who met Sir 

 John J. S. Thompson and Sir Mackenzie Bowell 

 in 1895 to discuss the control of the Atlantic 

 fisheries, and in 1895 was chairman of the dele- 

 gates who went to Ottawa to discuss union 

 with Canada, to which he was personally op- 

 posed. In 1902 he again negotiated a recip- 

 rocity treaty with the United States, but this 

 one was rejected by the United States Senate. 



As Premier and Colonial Secretary from 

 1900 to 1909, Sir Robert necessarily played an 

 important part in the settlement of the dis- 

 putes with France, in 1902, and with the United 

 States, from 1905 to 1910. He opposed any 

 commercial concessions to the United States, 

 and in 1907 went to England to protest against 

 the policy adopted by the British government. 

 Si* Robert's visit failed to secure any modifi- 

 cation, and to a large extent he was person- 

 alty blamed for the hard times which existed 

 in Newfoundland. At the general elections 

 of 1909 his ministry was ousted, and he then 

 became leader of the opposition. In January, 

 1914, however, he charged that the Fisherman's 

 Union, his political ally, was betraying him, 

 and he retired to private life. Sir Robert's 

 knighthood dates from 1901, when he was cre- 

 ated Knight Commander of the Order of Saint 

 Michael and Saint George (K.C.M.G.). 



BONDED WAREHOUSE, a warehouse main- 

 tained or controlled by a government for stor- 

 age of goods on which duty is levied, to be 

 held until such time as they are required. 

 This system has been found of great con- 

 venience to merchants, as it enables them to 

 pay duty by installments, removing the bonded 

 goods in such quantities as may be required 

 from time to time. Goods of domestic manu- 

 facture, on which internal revenue taxes are 

 levied, may be stored in the same way. While 

 in bond the goods may be made ready for 

 sale by the manufacturer or merchant, under 

 supervision of government inspectors, who 

 must see that nothing dutiable is removed 

 from the warehouse until due payments have 

 been made. 



BONE, the hard substance that forms the 

 skeleton or framework of the bodies of man 

 and all other animals that have backbones. 

 Someone has called the bones the "stiffening 



rods of the body." Many of the lower orders 

 of animals, such as oysters, clams, jelly-fish 

 and insects, have no bones. 



BONE AND CROSS-SECTION 

 (a) Marrow cavity; (6) hard substance; 

 (c) spongy bone; (d) cartilage. 



Bones contain both animal matter and min- 

 eral matter a larger proportion of the latter 

 than any other organs of the body. About 

 one-third of their composition is animal mat- 

 ter, and two-thirds mineral matter. If a bone 

 is soaked for two or three days in a weak acid 

 the mineral matter is dissolved, and the ani- 

 mal matter remaining can be bent into almost 

 any shape. If bones are burned the animal 

 matter is destroyed, leaving the mineral mat- 

 ter, which is chiefly a compound of lime, con- 

 taining phosphorus. Burnt bone is very brit- 

 tle and easily ground into powder. Bones are 

 sometimes called the "petrified" organs of the 

 body, because they have been slowly changed 

 into a sort of porous limestone as the body 

 reaches maturity. In childhood they contain 

 only a small portion of mineral matter, and 

 are not easily broken or injured by falls; this 

 is why children suffer few severe injuries. On 

 the other hand, children's bones may easily 

 be bent or otherwise deformed by lack of 

 exercise or by keeping the body too long con- 

 fined in one position. 



Structure. On the outside bones are hard 

 and compact, but the interior is porous; the 

 long bones like the humerus and femur are 

 hollow, and these hollow spaces are filled with 

 yellow marrow. Numerous small nerve canals 

 traverse the bones, and through these nerves 

 blood vessels and lymphatics find entrance and 

 convey nourishment. The bone is covered 

 with a close-fitting membrane called the peri- 

 osteum. 



Broken Bones. When a bone is broken it 

 should at once be "set", that is, put in its 

 proper position; then the joined ends should 

 be so fastened that they cannot move upon 

 each other. They will then grow together, 



