BOOKS AND BOOKBINDING 



829 



BOOKS AND BOOKBINDING 



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BOOKPLATES OF GEORGE WASHINGTON AND WALTER CRANE 

 In modern designs the tendency is away from the classical. 



collection. There are the bookplates of famous 

 men, many of them designed by artists of 

 note. The bookplates of George Washington, 

 Daniel Webster, Horace Walpole, David Gar- 

 rick, Gladstone, Dickens, Carlyle, Tennyson 



and Victor Hugo are among the most sought- 

 for examples. The modern tendency in decora- 

 tion is shown in the copy of the plate of Walter 

 Crane, with its very obvious play on the name 

 of the owner. 



'OOKS AND BOOKBINDING. In an 



essay called Heroes and Hero Worship, Thomas 

 Carlyle says: "All that mankind has done, 

 thought, gained or been, is lying as in magic 

 preservation in the pages of books." By books 

 Carlyle meant all written records, whether pre- 

 served in manuscript or in printed form. The 

 present article deals only with printed books; 

 the written records of civilization are discussed 

 in the article MANUSCRIPT. 

 Modern Book-Making. Modern book-making 



comprises three distinct processes, type setting, 

 printing and binding. The invention of print- 

 ing from movable types is usually credited to 

 John Gutenberg, and the date assigned is 1450. 

 The first book printed from movable types 

 was a Latin Bible in two large volumes; a few 

 copies of it are still in existence, and an excep- 

 tionally fine one was sold in New York at 

 public auction in 1911 for $50,000. The history 

 of printing and the steps which make up the 

 process are given in the article PRINTING. 



