BOTTLE-TREE 



the glass is forced by pressure of the air into 

 all parts of. the mold. It is then cooled and 

 removed, the neck and mouth being worked to 

 the desired size and smoothed by special tools. 

 Lettering and other marks on the bottle are 

 made by dies placed in the mold. Bottle making 

 is one of the most important branches of the 

 glass industries and has grown to vast propor- 

 tions. It is estimated that in the United States 

 alone more than HI, 000,000 worth of glass 

 bottles are annually used by bottlers of wine, 

 spirits and beer; this is one of the allied indus- 

 tries which is declining with the spread of pro- 

 hibition. 



BOTTLE-TREE, a curious Australian tree 

 which has dense foliage and a short trunk 

 resembling a bottle with bulging sides. The 

 leaves of this tree are long and narrow, smooth- 

 edged and pointed at the tip. The flowers grow 



AUSTRALIAN BOTTLE-TREE 

 in short clusters on slender stems. The fruit 

 is a pod with six seeds. The natives make 

 nets of the fibers and use the sap in the stems 

 as a drink, this latter often having been found 

 useful in times of drought. 



BOUCICAULT, boo' seko, DION (1822-1890), 

 an Irish comedian and playwright who won 

 extraordinary success as an author of romantic 

 Irish plays and as an actor of eccentric Irish 

 parts. Though he studied to become an archi- 

 tect he was far more interested in the stage 

 than in his intended profession, and the suc- 

 cess of his famous comedy, London Assurance, 

 produced when he was only nineteen years of 

 age, made him resolve to seek his fortune in 

 the theater. Other plays followed rapidly, and 

 in 1852 he began to act. The following year he 

 visited America, where his popularity was as- 

 sured from his first appearance on the stage. 



i BOULDER 



Several successful plays were produced in 

 America, among them his famous Octoroon. 



Returning to London in 1860, Boucicault pro- 

 duced The Colleen Bawn. To this play he gave 

 the name "Sensation Drama," and it was the 

 first of those dramas, still popular, that depend 

 upon thrilling effects and situations for their 

 interest. The Colleen Bawn earned for its 

 author a fortune. Among others of this type 

 he wrote Arrah-na-Pogue and The Shaughrau* 

 With Charles Reade he wrote the novel Foul 

 Play, which was afterwards dramatized, and 

 with Joseph Jefferson he dramatized Irving's 

 story of Rip Van Winkle, in which Jefferson 

 became world-famous as an actor. In all 

 Boucicault wrote over 300 dramatic pieces. As 

 an actor he was not highly gifted, but his keen 

 sense of humor and likable personality made 

 him immensely popular. 



BOUGHTON, baw' t'n, GEORGE HENRY (1834- 

 1905), an English- American painter of Puritan 

 and Dutch life, whose work shows remarkable 

 fidelity to the subjects portrayed. He was 

 born near Norwich, England, but was taken to 

 the United States by his parents in 1839, where 

 they settled near Albany, N. Y. At an early 

 age and without a master he took up the 

 study of art, but later went abroad and studied 

 in Paris. In 1862 he opened a studio in Lon- 

 don. His skill and fine sense of color soon 

 gained for him associate membership (1879) 

 in the Royal Academy, and in 1896 he became 

 a full member. In 1871 he was made a member 

 of 'the National Academy of Design, New 

 York City. His most popular pictures are the 

 Return of the Mayflower, Puritans Going to 

 Church and The Scarlet Letter. His picture 

 of quaint little Dutch girls Weeding the Pave- 

 ment is in the Tate Gallery, London. His 

 Edict of William the Testy is in Washington, 

 D. C. 



BOUILLON, booyoN', GODFREY DE. See 

 GODFREY DE BOUILLON. 



BOULDER, bole' dur, COLO., a city noted for 

 its beautiful setting in the Rocky Mountains 

 and for its mineral and agricultural resources. 

 Its population increased from 9,539 in 1910 

 to 10,983 in 1914. It is situated in Boulder 

 County, of which it is the county seat, about 

 midway between the geographical center and 

 the northern border of the state. Denver is 

 twenty-nine miles southeast. The city is 

 served by the Colorado & Southern Railroad, 

 constructed to the city in 1870; by the Union 

 Pacific, built in 1873; the Denver, Boulder & 

 Western (the Switzerland Trail of America), 



