BOYLE'S LAW 



876 



BOYS' AND GIRLS' CLUBS 



secure an increase in wages or improved work- 

 ing conditions, and if it is carried on without 

 violence or other unlawful acts. In the United 

 States a different view prevails in some locali- 

 ties, Alabama, Colorado, Illinois, Indiana and 

 Texas expressly forbidding the boycott, even 

 when it is unaccompanied by acts of violence. 



BOYLE'S, boil's, LAW, also called MA- 

 RIOTTE'S LAW, the law governing the elasticity 

 of gases, as follows: Under the same tempera- 

 ture the volume of a gas will decrease in pro- 

 portion to the increase of pressure on it. To 

 illustrate, take two glass cylinders, a and b, 

 each holding one pint. Fit each cylinder with 

 an air-tight piston. Let the cylinders be filled 

 with any gas, as an illuminating gas or hydro- 

 gen. On the piston of a place a weight of four 

 pounds, and on that of b place a weight of 

 eight pounds. The temperature of the gas in 

 each cylinder being 70 F., the volume of gas 

 in 6 will be one-half that in a. See GAS; 

 ELASTICITY. 



BOYNE, boin, BATTLE OF THE, in English 

 history, the battle which decided that Eng- 

 land's rule should be dominant in Ireland. 

 It was fought in 1690, on the banks of the 

 weedy River Boyne, near Drogheda. There 

 the army of William of Orange (William III 

 of England) met the forces of James II, last 



of the Stuart kings, and over them gained a 

 decisive victory (see STUART, HOUSE OF). The 

 reign of the Protestant Queen Elizabeth had 

 forced the Protestant faith upon all Ireland, 

 though the majority of the people were Roman 

 Catholics. During the years that followed 

 there had been several unsuccessful attempts 

 to throw off the English yoke, and when James 

 II, himself a Roman Catholic, came to the 

 throne, he helped the Irish cause by putting 

 into the hands of the Roman Catholics the 

 civil government and military power of the 

 island. 



The Revolution in 1688, which dethroned 

 James and gave the English crown to William 

 of Orange, was the signal for another Irish 

 rebellion, and James was invited by its lead- 

 ers to join cause with them. Accordingly, he 

 landed in Ireland in the spring of 1689 with 

 a small French force loaned by Louis XIV, 

 and established his headquarters at Dublin. 

 The year following occurred his overwhelm- 

 ing defeat at the Battle of the Boyne. In 

 1691 the unfortunate war was terminated by 

 the Treaty of Limerick. An obelisk 150 feet 

 high marks the site of the battle, and Irish 

 Protestants celebrate July 12 as the anniver- 

 sary. See WILLIAM III ; IRELAND, subhead His- 

 tory. 



STORY OF BOYS' AND GIRLS' CLUBS 



OYS' AND GIRLS' CLUBS. The 



soil is the basis of life itself; mother's kitchen 

 is the basis and business center of organized 

 domestic life. The people are directly de- 

 pendent upon these two interests of life for 

 their very existence, and the entire human race 

 constitutes a common brotherhood through our 



twin benefactors, crop production and house- 

 keeping. It is no wonder then that we have 

 developed through these two interests a type 

 of education commonly known as "Boys' and 

 Girls' Club Work," an agency for the perfecting 

 of real democracy. Club work makes educa- 

 tion possible to all; it takes facts from school, 



