BUD 976 



and they furnish one of the most remarkable 

 instances of the way plant parts are adapted to 

 their purpose. On the stem, either at the end 

 or at the sides, appears a little swelling. If 

 it is to remain in this condition through a 

 hard winter this bud has a thick, strong husk, 



BUDAPEST 



VARIOUS BUDS 

 (a) Wild rose (/) Iris 



(6) Shagbark hickory (g) Meadow lily 



(c) Lilac (h) Cottonwood 



(d) Cherry (t) Water lily 



(e) Horse-chestnut 



as shiny oftentimes as if it had been varnished. 

 Within may be a warm, woolly coat which 

 protects the sensitive little leaf from the cold. 

 However tiny, the leaflet in this bud is in form 

 the fully-developed leaf, only it is folded and 

 packed away so closely that not the slightest 

 space goes to waste. Every plant always has 

 its little leaves folded or rolled in just the same 

 manner. 



Everyone has doubtless watched the leaves 

 of a fern unroll from the tip, but it is not 

 so easy to see just how all leaf buds develop. 

 The sorrel, or sour grass, has its three leaflets, 

 each folded smoothly in the middle, pressed 

 closely together; the magnolia leaf is folded 

 along its central vein, with the dull inner sur- 

 face outward; the currant leaf is plaited like 

 a fan, and the violet leaf has its two margins 

 rolled inward toward the center. Careful 

 watching in the spring when green things are 

 just beginning to appear will reveal many more 

 interesting methods of close packing. 



Flower Budsj too, are for protection, but 

 their coverings are rarely as thick and strong 



as are those of some leaf buds. Often the green 

 outer part of the flower, the calyx, is folded 

 about the colored corolla, and the beautiful 

 tints do not begin to appear until the bud ' 

 opens. It is easy to watch flower buds in the 

 process of unfolding; everybody has seen the 

 quickly-expanding morning glory, for instance, 

 unfold from a tight bud, furled like a rolled 

 umbrella, into a glowing bell; or a rose loosen 

 deliberately its overlapping petals. Violets, 

 daffodils, hollyhocks, lilies all have their own 

 individual methods of opening, and all of these 

 are well worth observing. Of recent years mov- 

 ing pictures have been taken of many flower 

 buds expanding into flowers. When shown on 

 the screen the process is quickened, a series 

 being shown in two or three minutes which it 

 took the camera days to obtain, in exposures 

 at regular intervals of several hours. A.MC c. 



BUDAPEST, boo da pest', a city on both 

 banks of the Danube, and the capital of the 

 new state of Hungary, is composed of two 

 towns, Buda and Pest, which were united as 

 one municipality in 1872. Buda was named 

 after Bleda, brother of Attila the Hun. Pest 

 is derived from a Russian word meaning oven, 

 and the name was given to the town probably 

 on account of its great lime kilns. It is admira- 

 bly situated to be the central terminus from 

 which all Hungarian railways radiate, and re- 

 ceives nearly all the products of the surround- 

 ing territory. Its commerce is very extensive, 

 grain, wines, tobacco, hides, hemp, cattle, sheep 

 and pigs being exported. 



There are numerous mineral springs in the 

 vicinity, and the waters, especially that known 

 as Hunyadi Janos, have achieved a wide repu- 

 tation for medicinal properties. Among these 

 springs is one of the deepest artesian wells in 



anube River 



LOCATION OF BUDAPEST 



the world, descending over 3,000 feet and dis- 

 charging over 260,000 gallons of water daily at 

 a temperature of 165 F. Budapest is best 

 known commercially, however, as a city of 

 model flour mills and one of the greatest 



