THH 



ORGANIZED 

 KNOWLEDGE 



STORY 

 AND' PICTURE 



Gc 



71.C 



C , the third letter in the English 

 alphabet, as well as in all other 

 alphabets derived from the Phoe- 

 nicians. In English it is really an 

 unnecessary letter, except as used 

 in the diagraph ch, for its soft 



sound is represented by s, its hard sound by k. The Greek gamma, with the sound of hard 

 g, was transformed by the Romans into two letters, which seem to have been used inter- 

 changeably. Thus to this day some authorities write Caius Julius Caesar and others Gains 

 Julius Caesar. 



The Phoenician letter from which the Greek gamma was taken, and through that the 

 modern c, is supposed to have been a picture of a camel's head, which in time was simplified 

 into a symbol much like the figure 7. The Greeks turned this around, and the Romans 



gradually made its straight lines curved, 

 so that it became the c of to-day. 



= <B 



CABAL', an English Ministry which united 

 for a party purpose under the reign of Charles 

 II. The word cabal, meaning secret, was 

 formed from the initials of the persons taking 

 part in the intrigue, Clifford, Ashley, Buck- 

 ingham, Arlington and Lauderdale, and was 

 employed as a term of reproach. This faction, 

 though unpopular, was essentially a commit- 

 tee of the Privy Council and proved a fore- 

 runner of the modern Cabinet. See PRIVY 

 COUNCIL; CABINET. 



Conway Cabal. In American history this 

 name was given to a faction organized in 1777 

 among a group of officers in the colonial army 

 having for its prime object the displacement of 

 Washington by Gates. Conway joined the "ca- 

 bal" so earnestly that it was known by his 

 name. Horatio Gates was to be promoted 

 above Washington, with power to supersede 

 him, and Conway was to be inspector-general 

 when the board of war was reconstructed. In 

 the correspondence that followed Washington 

 was abused; affairs became so complicated that 

 Conway resigned and went to France, while 

 Gates and Mifflin were removed frpm the board 

 of war, the former being assigned to forts on 

 the Hudson. The trickery and meanness of the 



conspiracy were so apparent that the scheme 

 had the effect of raising rather than lowering 

 him in public esteem. 



CABBAGE, kab'aj, one of the commonest 

 of garden vegetables, the parent stock from 

 which the Brus- 

 sels sprouts, the 

 cauliflower and 

 the kohl-rabi (all 

 of which see) 

 have been de- 

 rived. Orig- 

 inally it was a 

 wild plant grow- 

 ing on the shores 

 of Britain, but the 



cultivated varie- 



, , CABBAGE 



ties have spread Showlng comp arative size 



all over the tern- of roots and the distance 



( they descend into the ground, 

 perate zones of 



the world. The leaves only are eaten, and in 

 the common varieties these are compactly 

 folded together into a rounded, dense head 

 sometimes nearly a foot in diameter. The 

 word has come indirectly from the Latin 

 caput, meaning head. The headed cabbages 

 are of several kinds the green, the red or 



