CADILLAC 



1040 



CADIZ 



officer of lowest commissioned rank in the 

 United States navy was formerly called a cadet, 

 but the term midshipman has now supplanted 

 it. Military cadets are trained in the United 

 States at West Point and in many private 

 military academies; at Sandhurst and Wool- 

 wich in England, and at Kingston, Ontario, in 

 Canada. See MILITARY ACADEMY; NAVAL ACAD- 

 EMY. 



Originally .the term was applied to the 

 younger son of a noble house, as distinguished 

 from the elder son. The modern words caddie, 

 one who carries golf clubs for a player, and 

 cad, an offensive or vulgar person, are derived 

 from the word cadet. 



CADILLAC, kadeyak', ANTOINE DE LA 

 MOTHE (1660-1720), a French nobleman, 

 founder of Detroit, Michigan, and a leading 

 character among the early Frenchmen in Amer- 

 ica. He served as a captain in Acadia (now 

 Nova Scotia) till recalled to France by Louis 

 XIV, who wanted information about the 

 French colonies, their harbors and their de- 

 fenses. When he returned to New France he 

 was made commander of Michilimackinac 

 (now Mackinac, Mich.), the second important 

 post in Canada. In 1699 he again went to 

 France to obtain Louis' support in founding a 

 settlement which would become the commer- 

 cial center of the Northwest. 



Louis favored the plan and promised him 200 

 settlers and six companies of soldiers. But 

 when Cadillac arrived in Montreal, because of 

 the jealousy of the Canadian officials he was 

 able to get only fifty settlers and fifty soldiers. 

 He chose for his town the site of Detroit, and 

 in June, 1701, landed there with his small 

 company. In 1707 he brought the Miami In- 

 dians to terms, and founded a post among 

 them in Alabama. When Louis made him 

 governor of Louisiana he punished the Natchez 

 tribe and built a fort in their country and one 

 at Natchitoches as an outpost against the 

 Spaniards. In 1717 the government and trade 

 of Louisiana passed to -John Law's Western 

 Company, and Cadillac returned to France, 

 where three years later he died. 



CADILLAC, kad'ilack, MICH., the county 

 seat of Wexford County, is situated on Little 

 Clam Lake, about fifty miles east of Lake 

 Michigan, toward the northern part of the 

 state. Grand Rapids is ninety-eight miles 

 southwest, Traverse City, on the lake, is forty- 

 two miles north and west, and across the state 

 eighty-five miles southeast is Bay City. Cad- 

 illac is on the Grand Raoids & Indiana and the 



Ann Arbor railways, and is an important supply 

 center for the northern part of the state. The 

 area of the city is nearly four square miles. 

 The population in 1910 was 8,375; in 1914 it 

 was 9,387. Americans predominate, and of 

 the foreign-born, Scandinavians outnumber all 

 others. 



Cadillac has extensive lumber interests and 

 a number of allied manufactories. Little Clam 

 Lake and Clam Lake afford fishing for pike, 

 pickerel and perch. Brook trout are taken 

 from the streams of the surrounding country. 

 The noteworthy buildings of the town are the 

 Federal building, erected in 1915 at a cost of 

 $75,000, a Y. M. C. A. costing $50,000, a Car- 

 negie Library costing $25,000, and Mercy Hos- 

 pital. 



Cadillac was settled in 1871. In 1875 it was 

 incorporated as the town of Clam Lake. It 

 received its present name in honor of Cadillac, 

 the French army officer and explorer of Mich- 

 igan, and was chartered as a city in 1877. The 

 commission form of government was adopted 

 in 1914. 



CADIZ, ka'diz, one of the most important 

 seaports of Spain, capital of the province of 

 the same name, sixty miles northwest of Gibral- 

 tar, on the Atlantic coast. It is well built and 

 strongly fortified, well paved, and, unlike most 

 Spanish cities, is very clean. From the sea 

 the city presents an imposing spectacle, its 

 snow-white buildings apparently rising abruptly 

 from the deeply-blue sea. Nearly every house 

 receives a new coat of whitewash yearly. 

 Though apparently spotlessly clean, Cadiz is 

 far from being a healthful city, owing to imper- 

 fect sanitation. 



The chief buildings are the great hospital, 

 the customhouse, the old and new cathedrals, 

 the theaters, the bull ring, capable of accom- 

 modating 12,000 spectators, and the lighthouse 

 of Saint Sebastian. The Bay of Cadiz, a large 

 basin enclosed by the mainland on one side and 

 a projecting tongue of land on the other, has 

 a good anchorage and is protected by the 

 neighboring hills. It has four forts, two of 

 which form the defense of the grand arsenal, 

 at La Carraca, four miles from Cadiz, where 

 there are large basins and docks. 



Cadiz has long been the principal Spanish 

 naval station. Its trade is large, its exports 

 being mainly wine and fruit. The city was 

 founded by the Phoenicians about 1100 B.C., 

 and was one of the chief seats of their com- 

 merce in the west of Europe. In the First 

 Punic War it fell into the hands of the Cartha- 



