CALYCANTHUS 



1075 



CAMBODIA 



Calvinism. The chief points in Calvin's 

 creed can be summarized as follows: 



( 1 ) The knowledge of God is important in the 

 mind of man. 



(2) Creation depends absolutely and contin- 

 uously upon God, who fosters and guides it by 

 His secret inspiration. 



(3) Sin springs from the will of man. When 

 sin enters the soul it brings with it a train of 

 circumstances. 



(4) Man was originally a pure being made in 

 the image of his Creator; but he is now fallen 

 and corrupted through his voluntary departure 

 from the good. 



(5) Christ is the mediator to redeem man 

 from sin. 



(6) Men are saved by an act of absolutely 

 free, unmerited grace on God's part, without 

 regard to good works ; men, on the other hand, 

 are never condemned, save on the ground of 

 their own sin. 



(7) God, according to Calvin, foreordains or 

 predestines some to surrender to His grace and 

 be saved. He also predestines others, who are 

 no worse, to reject His offer of grace and be 

 lost. 



This last article of Calvin's creed has been 

 the source of endless theological discussion (see 

 PREDESTINATION ) . 



Consult Shedd's Dogmatic Theology; Hodge's 

 Systematic Theology. 



CALYCANTHUS, kali kan' thus, a group of 

 North American shrubs, with fragrant bark, 

 leaves and flowers. Their name, from the 

 Greek words for cup and flower, refers to the 

 cup which surrounds their pistils. There are 

 but four known species, one of which is found 

 in California and bears brown flowers. The 

 others grow wild in the Eastern United States, 

 and have blossoms of a dull purple color. The 

 bark of these plants is known as Carolina, or 

 American, allspice. 



CALYPSO, kalip'so, in Greek mythology, a 

 sea nymph who dwelt on a lonely island, on 

 the shores of which Ulysses was shipwrecked. 

 She promised Ulysses immortality if he would 

 remain with her, and succeeded in detain- 

 ing him for seven years, when he was over- 

 come with longing to see his wife and child. 

 At last Zeus sent the fleet Hermes to Calypso 

 with the message that she must permit 

 Ulysses to depart, and she helped him build 

 the raft on which he sped upon his homeward 

 course. She then died of grief. 



CAM, kam, in machinery,' a simple con- 

 trivance for converting a uniform rotary mo- 

 tion into a varied, sliding motion. It as a 

 projecting part of a wheel or other revolving 

 piece, so placed as to give an alternating or 

 varying motion to another piece that comes 



in contact with it, and is free to move only 

 in a certain direction. The heart-shaped wheel, 

 shown in c in the illustration, is one of the 

 most common forms in use. It is mounted on 



CAMS 



(a) Cam wheel (c) Cam gear-wheel 



(b) Cylindrical cam (d) Face cam 



a shaft and imparts an irregular motion to the 

 wheel in which it meshes. 



CAMAtrUEY, kah ' mah gway, long known by 

 the name of PUERTO PRINCIPE, is the largest 

 interior city of Cuba, and had in 1915 a popula- 

 tion of 79,166. Midway between the north and 

 south coasts of the island, it lies on a moderate 

 plateau and is bordered by two small streams. 

 It is the principal seat of the old Creole aris- 

 tocracy, which prides itself on its ancient and 

 purely-Spanish lineage and on its long resi- 

 dence in Cuba. Camagiiey was -founded in 

 1515, and to-day it contains many buildings 

 more than a century old. Its cathedral, while 

 much altered and extended from the original 

 structure, has stood for about two hundred 

 years. Some of the bridges rank in age with 

 the buildings of the eighteenth century. The 

 city contains also many modern business houses 

 and residences. It is connected by rail with 

 Havana and with Santiago de Cuba, and by 

 another line with Nuevitas, its port to the 

 north. The raising of live stock has always 

 been an occupation of much importance in the 

 plain about Camagiiey, and the city has been a 

 good market for tropical fruits, choice woods, 

 tobacco, sugar and molasses, beeves and 

 honey. See CUBA. 



CAMBODIA, kam bo' di a, a once powerful 

 kingdom, now part of French Indo-China, is 



