CANADA 



1131 



CANADA 



aged by the Dominion government, and by the 

 governments of all the provinces of Canada, 

 as a very effective agency for developing a 

 boy's physical and executive powers; for mak- 

 ing obedience to law an essential habit; for 

 revealing his duties as a citizen; for training 

 him to defend his country and the fundamental 

 principles of Christian democracy, if they are 

 threatened; for arousing genuine patriotism 

 not an arrogant or offensive consciousness of 

 national pride; for training a boy in habits 

 of neatness, definiteness and dignified behavior, 

 and for making him conscious of his value as 

 an individual when cooperating with his fel- 

 lows, reverencing guiding laws for the achieve- 

 ment of a common aim. 



Cadets are not soldiers. They take no pledge 

 to give military service, but they are pre- 

 pared more effectively and much more cheaply 

 to do military service than it is possible to 

 prepare them in any other way. Those who 

 were cadets as boys at school are more quickly 

 and more thoroughly trained for efficient work 

 in defense of home and justice and liberty 

 when they are men. Comparatively few Cana- 

 dians object in any way to cadet training in 

 the schools. A statement was issued in 1912 

 by leading ministers of Protestant and Roman 

 Catholic churches in Canada strongly approv- 

 ing cadet work for national, physical and eth- 

 ical reasons. 



The following statement shows the rapid in- 

 crease in cadet work in the provinces of Can- 

 ada from March 31, 1913, to March 31, 1916: 



and second, to the very active interest of the 

 Minister of Militia, Sir Sam Hughes. The War 

 of the Nations undoubtedly added to the recog- 

 nition of the value of cadet work during the 

 latter part of the period, but the increase was 

 much greater during the two years preceding 

 the war than it was after the war began. In 

 1916 there were 654 companies, with a total 

 of 26,160 cadets in universities, colleges, acad- 

 emies and high schools. There were 638 com- 

 panies with 25,520 cadets in public, separate 

 and other preparatory schools. "Separate" 

 schools are elementary schools conducted by 

 religious minorities. They are national schools 

 which are under the regulation of the educa- 

 tion departments of the provinces of the Do- 

 minion in which they exist. 



There were in the same year 128 companies 

 with 5,120 cadets in municipalities, which are 

 not conducted by boards of education, and 

 eight companies with 320 cadets in government 

 institutions. Lord Strathcona in 1911 made a 

 grant of $500,000 to the Militia Department of 

 Canada. The interest on this fund is divided 

 annually among the provinces of Canada pro- 

 portionally on the basis of population, and is 

 used in accordance with the regulations of 

 the deed of trust issued by Lord Strathcona. 

 There is a local Strathcona Trust in each prov- 

 ince, consisting of military representatives ap- 

 pointed by the Militia Department of the 

 Dominion, and educational representatives ap- 

 pointed by the Militia Department of the 

 provinces. 



The increase made yearly from March, 1912, to March, 1916, is as follows: 



The rapid increase in the number of cadets 

 during the four years named is due mainly to 

 two causes: first, the Strathcona Trust Fund, 



The income from the Strathcona Trust Fund 

 must be used as follows: fifty per cent for 

 physical training, thirty-five per cent for mili- 



