CANTALOUPE 



1161 



CANTERBURY 



Napoleon, and in 1812 he completed a colossal 

 marble statue of the emperor, who is repre- 

 sented as a god. Canova's influence on the 

 art of his time gives him a permanent place 

 among great sculptors. When he began his 

 work, Italian sculpture, having departed a long 

 way from the strength, beauty and idealism of 

 Michelangelo, was weak and affected; Canova 

 brought it back to the lofty standards of the 

 Renaissance. 



CANTALOUPE, kan' taloop, a favorite va- 

 riety of muskmelon (see MELON). 



CANTATA, kantah'ta, a story set to music, 

 sung by a chorus and including solos, duets, 

 trios and quartets. The cantata is a shorter 

 composition than the oratorio or opera. It 

 differs further from the oratorio in that the 

 latter always has a sacred theme; the cantata 

 may be based upon any subject, religious or 

 secular. However, there is little difference be- 

 tween a short oratorio and a religious cantata, 

 and the great church cantatas of Bach are 

 sometimes classed as oratorios. The opera is 

 more elaborate than the. cantata, and is further 

 distinguished from it in being presented with 

 scenery and by means of acting. 



Dudley Buck (which see) was one of the 

 greatest American composers of cantatas, 

 among his best-known works being The Golden 

 Legend, Light of Asia, Voyage of Columbus 

 and the melodious King Olaf's Christmas. 

 Lewis Carroll's charming nonsense verses, The 

 Walrus and the Carpenter, have been set to 

 music by an English composer, Percy E. 

 Fletcher, forming a cantata that is a favorite 

 with children. One of the world's most charm- 

 ing cantatas is that of Queen Esther. See 

 OPERA; ORATORIO; Music. 



, CANTEEN, kan teen', in military life, a 

 place set apart in an army post where the sol- 

 diers may buy clothing, food and other neces- 

 sities, and enjoy gymnasium, reading and 

 recreation privileges. In the United States 

 army the term post exchange has superseded 

 canteen. Previous to 1901 the post exchange 

 was permitted to sell beer and wine to the 

 troops, but in that year the sale of all intoxi- 

 cating beverages was abolished by act of Con- 

 gress. The system of selling liquor to the 

 soldiers through the post exchange is generally 

 known as the canteen system, and it went out 

 of existence largely through the opposition of 

 the temperance societies, particularly the W. C. 

 T. U. The advisability of restoring the can- 

 teen system is much debated. Those favoring 

 it say that the soldiers, obliged to buy liquor 



outside the post, obtain an inferior quality, 

 and are furthermore subjected to greater temp- 

 tations than when permitted to make such 

 purchases in the well-regulated exchange, and 

 that drunkenness and disorder are more likely 

 to occur under the present system. In the 

 British army the canteen is in two depart- 

 ments, the wet and the dry, the former carry- 

 ing ale, porter and mineral water; the latter, 

 groceries. 



In both the United States army and the 

 armies of Europe the name canteen is applied 

 to a flask or bottle, holding about two pints, 

 in which the soldier carries his liquid refresh- 

 ment while on the march. This is made of 

 metal, leather or wood. In the British army 

 the corresponding vessel is called the water- 

 bottle, while the canteen is a tin vessel that 

 serves the purpose of pan, dish and plate. 



CANTERBURY, kan'terberi, a city in the 

 county of Kent, England, sixty-two miles east 

 of London, famous for its cathedral and for 

 its close association with the country's religious 

 and scholastic development. Since the year 



CANTERBURY CATHEDRAL. 

 The seat of the Archbishop of Canterbury, the 

 ruling official of the Church of England. 



597, when Saint Augustine came with mission- 

 aries from Rome, Canterbury has been the 

 central point of the Church of England. The 

 present cathedral dates from the eleventh cen- 

 tury, with additions made 400 years later, and 

 is a magnificent specimen of Gothic architec- 

 ture. Here was situated the shrine of Thomas 

 a Becket, to which multitudes of pilgrims came 

 annually and which added greatly to the sanc- 

 tity of the cathedral. Near the site of the 

 shrine is the tomb of Edward the Black Prince, 

 with the helmet, shield and equipment he wore 

 in battle. 



