CARSON 



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CARSON 



animals, especially for dairy cattle, as they 

 make a good quality of milk for butter. For 

 the table, carrots are cooked in cream, boiled 

 and seasoned in various ways, used in soups, 

 etc. They rank well among nutritious vege- 

 tables, as their sugar proportion is about 9 

 per cent. Other ingredients are water, 88.2 

 per cent; protein, 1.1; fat, .4; fiber, 1.1; ash, 1.0 

 (see FOOD, subhead Chemistry of Food). The 

 loss of sugar resulting from boiling may be 

 lessened by cooking the whole carrot quickly 

 or cutting it into large pieces. Like many 

 garden vegetables, carrots may be stored 

 through the winter. If dried thoroughly and 

 packed in a box between layers of sand or 

 moss they will keep for months. 



In Germany, the carrot, cut into small 

 pieces and thoroughly dried, is used as a sub- 

 stitute for coffee, and in the United States it 

 has been used to adulterate coffee. The plant 

 contains a coloring matter that is sometimes 

 used to color butter. The wild carrot is a 

 troublesome weed with a woody root. 



CAR 'SON, CHRISTOPHER (1809-1868), a 

 famous American frontiersman, better known 

 as KIT CARSON. No romantic hero of fiction 

 has probably aroused more interest in lovers 

 of adventure than has this cool-headed, daring 

 trapper and hunter. He was born in Madison 

 County, Kentucky, but was early taken to Mis- 

 souri, where for a time he was apprenticed to 

 a saddler. In 1826 he began his adventurous 

 life by accompanying a party of hunters to 

 New Mexico. Later he went several times to 

 the Pacific coast and acted as hunter for 

 Western army garrisons. He was with Fre- 

 mont in two expeditions across the Rocky 

 Mountains and occasionally helped Western 

 ranchers to drive cattle and sheep for long 

 distances through the wild country. At one 

 time Carson alone took a drove of more than 

 fifty mules and horses for a distance of 500 

 miles through an almost uninhabited region. 



Appointed United States agent to the Utah 

 and Apache Indians in 1854, he performed 

 notable service for the government through 

 his friendship with influential chiefs, and dur- 

 ing the War of Secession, as a scout in the 

 Southwest, he acted with great energy and skill 

 in behalf of the Union. At the close of the 

 war he was brevetted brigadier-general. Many 

 of his thrilling adventures as scout, guide, 

 hunter, trapper and Indian fighter were almost 

 incredible, and in cunning and resourcefulness, 

 as well as in woodcraft, he rivaled, if he did 

 not excel, the most expert Indians. 



CARSON, SIR EDWARD (1854- ), a British 

 statesman, noted for his violent opposition to 

 Home Rule for Ireland. Carson was born in 

 Dublin, was graduated from Trinity College 

 there, and in 1892 was elected to the British 

 Parliament as 

 member for Dub- 

 lin University, at 

 the same time 

 becoming Solic- 

 itor-General for 

 Ireland. During 

 the years that fol- 

 lowed he was a 

 conspicuous fig- 

 ure in all the de- 

 bates on ques- 

 tions relating to 

 Ireland. His op- 

 position to .the 

 Irish National- 

 ists, led by John 

 Redmond, natu- SIR EDWARD CARSON 

 rally allied him with the Conservatives, or 

 Unionists, and he was Solicitor-General in the 

 Salisbury and Balfour Ministries from 1900 to 

 1906. When Arthur J. Balfour retired from 

 the leadership of this party, Carson was one 

 of the three men who were considered as his 

 successor. In Parliament he was recognized as 

 a brilliant debater, absolutely fearless but in- 

 clined to extremes, and he was passed by in 

 favor of Andrew Bonar Law, who was chosen 

 leader of the Conservatives in the House of 

 Commons. 



In 1912 Carson was the leader of the Ulster- 

 men in their resistance to Home Rule. The 

 introduction of a new bill to establish Home 

 Rule in Ireland was followed by threats of 

 revolution in Ulster, whose Protestant Orange- 

 men declined to be ruled, so they said, by the 

 Roman Catholics. Even before the bill was 

 presented to Parliament Carson organized a 

 massmeeting of nearly 100,000 armed men, who 

 paraded before him and Bonar Law, as a 

 warning to the government. In the House of 

 Commons Carson was bitter in his denuncia- 

 tion of the bill, and in Ireland he became 

 "general" of the Ulster volunteers. With the 

 Orange battle-flag used by William III at the 

 Battle of the Boyne waving over his head, he 

 was the first of 350,000 Ulstermen who signed 

 the solemn covenant to resist, under arms if 

 necessary, the establishment of Home Rule. 



This violent opposition led to a proposal 

 for compromise, but before any agreement 



