CARTHAGE 



1206 



CARTIER 



CARTHAGE, Mo., the county seat of Jasper 

 County, is a progressive industrial city situ- 

 ated in the southern part of the state, near the 

 western border, about one-half mile south of 

 Spring River. Joplin is twenty miles south- 

 west, and Springfield is ninety-six miles north- 

 east. The city is served by the Saint Louis 

 & San Francisco Railway, constructed to the 

 city in 1870; the Missouri Pacific Railway, 

 built to this point in 1874; and the Carthage 

 & Western Railway, built here in 1906. The 

 area of the city is a little less than five square 

 miles. Its population in 1910 was 9,483, and 

 in 1914, 9,510. 



Carthage, locally called the Queen City, is 

 located in a district rich in lead, zinc, cobalt, 

 marble and limestone. There are ten quarries 

 in the vicinity, employing about 300 people, 

 the annual pay-roll amounting to $260,000. 

 Shoe factories, flour mills, machine shops, bed- 

 spring factories and foundries are prominent 

 industrial enterprises. The most noteworthy 

 buildings are a post office, erected in 1911 at a 

 cost of $75,000, a $125,000 high school, erected 

 in 1910, and a $25,000 Carnegie Library, erected 

 in 1909. Carthage College, a business college 

 and a school of telegraphy supplement the pub- 

 lic means of education. The city has three 

 parks. 



Carthage was settled in 1833 and became the 

 county seat in 1842. It was incorporated as a 

 city in 1873. H.L.M. 



CARTHUSIANS, kahr thu ' zhanz, an Order 

 of monks which takes its name from the solitary 

 village of Chartreuse, in the French Alps, 

 where in the eleventh century Saint Bruno of 

 Cologne, with six companions, established the 

 first Carthusian monastery. These hermit 

 monks wore rude garments, ate vegetables and 

 coarse bread, slept on beds of straw, and were 

 rigid in their observance of fasting, seasons of 

 prayer and night watching. The modern Car- 

 thusians live with almost the same austerity. 

 The members of the Order were from the be- 

 ginning well educated and given to hospitality 

 and charity. At one time they had the finest 

 convents in the world, of which La Grande 

 Chartreuse, in France, and the Certosa di 

 Pavia, south of Milan, are among the most 

 celebrated. At the present there are fewer 

 than twenty Carthusian monasteries on the 

 European continent. 



In England the name Charterhouse was ap- 

 plied to the Carthusian monasteries. The most 

 famous of these, established in London in the 

 fourteenth century, became in the course of 



time an almshouse for old men and a free 

 grammar school for poor boys. Thackeray at- 

 tended this school in his boyhood, and has 

 made it the background for affecting scenes in 

 The Newcomes. The only English Carthusian 

 monastery at the present time is situated eight 

 miles northwest of Brighton, near Steyning. 



Chartreuse, a strong liquor made in three 

 colors, originated with the monks of La Grande 

 Chartreuse. G.W.M. 



CARTIER, kahr lya' , SIR GEORGES ETIENNE 

 (1814-1873), a Canadian statesman, Prime Min- 

 ister of Canada from 1857 to 1862, one of the 

 "Fathers of Confederation," the man who was 

 chiefly ' responsible for Quebec's entrance into 

 the Confedera- 

 tion in 1867. He 

 also deserves rec- 

 ognition as one 

 of the first to see 

 the need of rail- 

 ways, and to his 

 tireless energy 

 was due the com- 

 pletion of the 

 Grand Trunk 

 R a i 1 w ay. For 

 twenty years he 

 was Quebec's un- SIR GEORGES E. CARTIER 

 questioned political leader, and with Lafon- 

 taine and Laurier he stands among the great- 

 est French-Canadian statesmen. At the same 

 time he used to describe himself as "an Eng- 

 lishman speaking French," and the British 

 population in Quebec always felt that he rep- 

 resented them as much, if not more, than did 

 the men of their own blood. 



Cartier was born in the village of Saint An- 

 toine, Quebec, on September 6, 1814. After 

 graduating in law from the College of Saint 

 Sulpice, in Montreal, he began to practice his 

 profession in that city in 1835. Scarcely had 

 he begun to make headway when he was in- 

 volved in the rebellion of 1837, led by Louis 

 Papineau. His participation in this revolt 

 kept him out of public life for a decade, but 

 in 1848 he entered Parliament as member for 

 his native county. 



During the next twenty-five years he was 

 one of the leaders in Canadian affairs. He 

 was soon recognized as the leader of the more 

 liberal wing of the Conservative party, and 

 in 1855 became provincial secretary. Two 

 years later he was appointed Attorney-General 

 for Lower Canada, and from 1857 to 1862 was 

 joint Premier with Sir John A. Macdonald. 





