CASH REGISTER 



1215 



CASPIAN SEA 



eight ounces of the valuable down, which un- 

 derlies the long hair. To make a shawl a yard 

 and a half square the fleece of ten goats is 

 required; it takes about a year to weave one 

 shawl, the work all being done by hand. As 

 the year-old sheep, or merino, furnishes the 

 finest wool, it can be seen why the shawls of 



CASHMERE GOAT 



the highest quality are very expensive. From 

 $25 to $100 is paid for those of good quality, 

 but some of the most exquisite patterns and 

 most perfect workmanship have been priced 

 as high as $1,500. This is the more remark- 

 able when it is remembered that labor in the 

 Orient can be bought for a few cents per day. 



The native homes of the cashmere goats are 

 Tibet and India, but they have been raised in 

 France aud Germany. Those which live in the 

 higher altitudes are deep yellow; those lower 

 are yellowish-white, and those still farther 

 down pure white. The colder the region where 

 the goat 'pastures, the heavier the fleece. The 

 flesh of the cashmere goat is suitable for food, 

 and when well cared for the animal gives a 

 rich milk. See GOAT. 



CASH REGISTER, a mechanical device for 

 calculating and registering sales and money 

 received. It is now in almost universal use 

 in retail stores. The first practical cash register 

 was invented in 1879 by James Ritty of Day- 

 ton, Ohio, and from that time to the present 

 that city has been the world's center for the 

 manufacture of such machines. Since the first 

 cash register was patented great improvements 

 have been made and the device is now a very 

 complicated piece of machinery, the working 

 of which, however, is simple. 



It consists of a metal box with drawers for 

 money and papers, and a mechanism which 

 works somewhat similarly to that of a type- 

 writer. Keys marked with figures, when 

 pressed, operate levers which force into view 

 tickets with legends showing the amounts of 

 money received from a sale, and also cause that 

 amount to be registered on a meter. Each sum 

 registered is added to the previous registry. Thfe 

 total sum registered may be seen at any time 

 by examining the meter, which is usually kept 

 locked. Cash registers are made with separate 

 departments for each salesman, and some are 

 made to deliver automatically a receipt for 

 amount registered. These machines cost the 

 merchants who use them from $40 to $750, 

 according to size and accessories. 



CASINO, kase'no, a game of cards played 

 usually by two persons, though more may play 

 if desired. A full pack of fifty-two ordinary 

 playing cards is used. Four cards are dealt to 

 each player, and four are placed face up on 

 the table. Each player in turn takes from the 

 faced cards on the table any card of similar 

 value to one. in his hand, or any combination 

 of cards making up that value. For instance, 

 a player holding a nine may pick up a nine or 

 a five and four, or six and three. If no card 

 can be picked up which will match cards in 

 his hand, the player lays a card face up on 

 the table. 



A variation is made by building. Thus, a 

 player may add a four to a three already on 

 the table, provided he has a seven with which 

 to pick them up. His opponent may, however, 

 have a seven and may himself pick up the 

 built cards and deprive his opponent of them. 

 The cards are dealt four by four until all 

 have been played. The last to pick up a trick 

 then claims the remaining cards on the table. 

 Score is taken as follows: for little casino 

 (two of spades), 1; big casino (ten of dia- 

 monds), 2; each ace, 1; the highest number of 

 cards held by a player, 3; greatest number of 

 spades held by one player, 1. The game is 

 usually twenty-one points. The book Hoyle'a 

 Games gives rules covering every possible play- 

 ing condition. 



CASPIAN, kas'pian, SEA, the largest in- 

 land sea in the world, situated between Europe 

 and Asia. Its greatest length is 760 miles, its 

 breadth varies from 100 to 280 miles, and 

 it covers nearly 170,000 square miles, an area 

 larger than the areas of Illinois, Wisconsin 

 and Iowa combined. It lies ninety-six feet be- 

 low the level of the sea. On three sides it ia 



