CHICAGO 



1314 



CHICAGO 



CHICAGO'S MUNICIPAL PIER 



There are two great warehouses, one above the other, on each side, each almost a half mile 

 In length. The recreation pier, 660 feet long, is at the extreme right in the illustration. 



ments, and the total value of the products is 

 over a billion and a quarter dollars annually. 

 Largest of these industries is that of slaughter- 

 ing and meat-packing, carried on at the Union 

 Stockyards, by far the greatest establishment 

 of its kind in the world. To quote the popular 

 statement, "Every part of the animal is used 

 but the squeal," and to-day the by-products, 

 made from parts that were formerly thrown 

 away, reach a value of scores of millions of 

 dollars each year. Iron and steel products, 

 machine shop and foundry products, men's 

 clothing, railroad cars and lumber products are 

 manufactured in vast quantities, while the 

 bakery products reach a value of about $27,- 

 000,000 a year. Printing and publishing is an 

 important industry, but in this regard Chicago 

 does not rank with Boston, New York or 

 Philadelphia. 



Schools and Other Institutions. Chicago has 

 a complete system of public schools ranging 

 from the kindergarten through the grammar 

 grades and high schools to the Chicago Normal 

 College, with its three practice schools for 



CHICAGO'S SCHOOLS IN 1844 



Corner of State and Madison streets, now the 

 most crowded street corner in the world. 



teachers. In the twenty-two high schools and 

 279 grammar schools there are enrolled almost 

 320,000 pupils, and the teaching force numbers 

 over 7,000. The regular school term is ten 

 months, and during half of that time night 

 schools are also conducted, their enrollment 



averaging about 26,000. There are schools for 

 the blind, the deaf and the crippled, and in 

 certain schools special classes are held for sub- 

 normal children. Many of the high schools and 

 more than half of the grammar schools include 

 manual training in their courses, and domestic 

 science teaching is becoming increasingly im- 

 - portant. 



Of institutions of higher learning the Uni- 

 versity of Chicago is the most prominent. 

 Northwestern University, America's greatest 

 Methodist institution, located at Evanston, has 

 its professional departments of law, medicine, 

 dentistry and the college of commerce in the 

 city, and there are, in addition, Saint Ignatius 

 College, Loyola University, Armour Institute 

 of Technology, Lewis Institute, several medical 

 schools and excellent theological schools. The 

 Art Institute, which has in attendance upon 

 its classes about 2,500 students each year, has 

 been mentioned above. Few other art schools 

 in the country offer as complete courses. 



There are about 1,000 churches of all denomi- 

 nations, and a large number of hospitals, the 

 most noted being the Cook County Hospital, 

 Michael Reese, Saint Luke's, the Presbyterian, 

 Wesley, Mercy and the Augustana. In Hull 

 House (which see) the city has one of the 

 best-known social settlements in the world, 

 with Miss Jane Addams at its head; others 

 which have won a wide reputation are Chicago 

 Commons, Northwestern University Settlement 

 and the University of Chicago Settlement. 

 The United Charities and the Jewish Aid So- 

 ciety maintain corps of trained investigators 

 whose duty it is to discover the needs of the 

 poor and unfortunate and to see that aid is 

 furnished them. There are also smaller char- 

 itable organizations, many of which have spe- 

 cialized in some particular field. 



Administration. A mayor, elected for a 

 term of four years and paid $18,000 per year, 

 the highest salary of any municipal officer in 

 America, is the chief executive, and he is 

 assisted by a council of one chamber, com- 

 posed of seventy aldermen, two from each of 



