CINCINNATI 



1383 



CINCINNATI 



it when the need was over, so they selected the 

 name in his honor. All Continental officers 

 who had served three years or who had been 

 honorably d i s - 

 charged were ac- 

 corded member- 

 ship, and also the 

 male descendants 

 of such officers. 



The society had 

 thirteen branches, 

 one in each of 

 the original 

 states. The first 

 meeting was held 

 a t Philadelphia 

 in May, 1784, 

 with George 

 Washington as 

 president. There 

 was much oppo- 

 sition to the so- 

 ciety, it being 

 believed that the 

 idea of member- BADGE OF THB SOCIETY 

 ship through heredity opposed the principle of 

 democracy upon which the republic was organ- 

 ized. It is interesting to note that in 1789 the 

 Tammany Society was organized in New York 

 as a body in which equality should govern, not 

 right of birth. Continued opposition caused 

 the decline of the Cincinnati, and for many 

 years after 1830 it was practically out of exist- 

 ence. A revival began in 1893, however, and 

 in 1902 all of the old state societies were again 

 active. 



CINCINNATI, UNIVERSITY OF, the only uni- 

 versity in the United States strictly under the 

 control of a city. In 1858 Charles McMicken 

 left a fund of $1,000,000 for the founding of a 

 city college in Cincinnati, but as the will was 

 not held valid by the state of Louisiana, in 

 which a part of the estate was located, the uni- 

 versity was not established until 1870, when 

 the legislature passed a special bill for its 

 organization. The institution was opened for 

 instruction in 1873, and it now occupies several 

 handsome buildings in Burnet Woods Park, on 

 a campus of forty-three acres. It comprises 

 the colleges of liberal arts, engineering, law 

 and medicine, a college for teachers, a grad- 

 uate school and a technical school, and has 

 affiliated with it the Clinical and Pathological 

 School of Cincinnati and the Ohio School of 

 Dentistry. Except for small fees, the uni- 

 versity admits students who reside in the 



city without payment of tuition. There are 

 over 230 instructors, and more than 2,100 stu- 

 dents are enrolled. The institution is sup- 

 ported by the city by public taxes, by the 

 income from the original endowment and by 

 voluntary gifts. 



In several ways the city and the university 

 are directly related. In 1912 a Bureau of City 

 Tests was established in the college of engineer- 

 ing, in connection with the engineer's office 

 of the city Department of Public Service. The 

 bureau makes all the tests of materials and sup- 

 plies required by this and other city depart- 

 ments, and a technical chemist is employed 

 to direct the work. A Municipal Reference 

 Library, with quarters in the city hall, was 

 organized in 1913 under the department of 

 political science of the college of liberal arts. 

 The library contains material relating to all 

 phases of city government and municipal 

 activities, and is open not only to the members 

 of the city council and the administrative 

 officers of the city, but to the student body 

 and to the general public. Another valuable 

 feature of the university administration is the 

 cooperative system in the college of engineer- 

 ing, whereby students alternate their university 

 studies with practice work in shops and fac- 

 tories. 



CINCINNATUS, sinsina'tus, Lucius QUINO 

 TIUS, a virtuous, simple-mannered hero of the 

 early days of the Roman Republic. He was 

 an unyielding patrician and violently opposed 

 all attempts at the equalization of patrician 

 and plebeian. About 460 B. c., so the story 

 runs, when the consul Minucius was surrounded 

 by the Aequians, the Senate sent messengers 

 to summon Cincinnatus to the dictatorship. 

 Rich though he was, the messengers found him 

 plowing his farm. At the call he hurried away, 

 rescued the army, marched to Rome laden 

 with spoils, and after sixteen days of dictator- 

 ship quietly returned to his plowing. At the 

 age of eighty he was again appointed dictator 

 to suppress the ambitious plebeian Maelius. 

 See CINCINNATI, SOCIETY OF THE; also PATRI- 

 CIAN; PLEBEIAN. 



Cincinnatus of the West. George Washing- 

 ton, like Cincinnatus, left comfort and home 

 when his country called, and when the war 

 was over, during which he became one of the 

 commanding figures of the world, returned 

 modestly to the affairs of his Mount Veraon 

 homestead. So Lord Byron called him the 

 Cincinnatus of the West, and the distinction 

 caught the popular fancy. 



